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Updated: June 24, 2025
They have many dots on them. From each leaf-scar runs an irregular line around the stem. This has been left by the stipules. The flower-scar is on the summit of the axis, and often apparently in the axil of a branch, as in Horsechestnut. Sometimes the nearest axillary bud is developed; sometimes there are two, when the branch forks.
We will begin with the study of a branch of Horsechestnut. The pupils should examine and describe their specimens before discussing them in the class-room. They will need some directions and hints, however, to enable them to work to any advantage. Tell them to open both large and small buds.
In the Beech the flowers are axillary. How are the scales of the Beech bud arranged? How many leaves are there in the bud? How does the arrangement of the scales and leaves in the bud differ from that of the Horsechestnut? How are the leaves folded in the bud? What is the arrangement of the leaves on the stem? How does this differ from Horsechestnut and Lilac? How old is your branch?
The outer four or six pairs are so minute that the arrangement is not very clear, but as we proceed we perceive that the scales are in alternate pairs, as in Horsechestnut; that is, that two scales are exactly on the same plane. But we have learned in the Lilac that the scales are modified leaves, and follow the leaf-arrangement of the species.
The scales of the bud of Horsechestnut are considered to be homologous with petioles, by analogy with other members of the same family. In the Sweet Buckeye a series can be made, exhibiting the gradual change from a scale to a compound leaf. By Asa Gray. Ivison, Blakeman, Taylor and Co., New York, 1879. Horsechestnut. I. Branch in winter state: a, leaf-scars; b, bud-scars; c, flower-scars. 2.
What happens when a branch is stopped in its growth by flowering? What effect does this have on the appearance of the tree? In some parts of the country the Horsechestnut is not so commonly planted as in New England. In the southern states the Magnolia may be used in its stead, but it is not nearly so simple an example of the main points to be observed.
Compare the amount of spray of the Beech and Horsechestnut and explain the reason of the difference. These questions are only intended for review, they are never to be used for the first study of the specimen. The buds are covered with brown scales, which are hairy on the edges. The flower-buds are larger than the leaf-buds and are in the axils of the lower leaves of the preceding year.
"Yes, but not poppy cheeks; they're more the pink of a of a horsechestnut!" "I think pink horsechestnut blooms are beautiful." "Oh, you do, do you? And I suppose you think Eddie Bell is beautiful!" "Well, there's no occasion for you to get mad about it if I do. Do you know, Mr. Cameron, you flare up very easily." "If you'll call me Kit, I'll promise never to flare up again."
"I think they're awful fun," said Jane, "except that Josephs has such large ears." The girls now came to a place where the road dipped through a plantation of sombre sycamore and horsechestnut trees. As they passed down into it, a little wind sprang up, the fallen leaves stirred, and the branches heaved a long, rustling sigh. "I hate this bit of road," said Jane, hurrying on.
This will take two lesson-hours, probably, and the drawing may be left, if desired, as the exercise to prepare for the second recitation. The buds of Horsechestnut contain the plan of the whole growth of the next season. They are scaly and covered, especially towards the apex, with a sticky varnish. The scales are opposite, like the leaves.
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