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Some signs had already appeared of the form which his activity was now about to take. During his residence in Prussia he had completed his historical Essai sur les Moeurs, which passed over in rapid review the whole development of humanity, and closed with a brilliant sketch of the age of Louis XIV. This work was highly original in many ways.
M. FRANCK, p. 237. M. JAVARI, p. 28. AMAND SAINTE, "Vie de Spinoza," p. 201. ABBÉ LAMENNAIS, "Essai sur l'Indifference," IV. 256. FENELON, "Oeuvres Spirituelles," I. 138. HUME, and MONTAIGNE, "Essays." H. O'CONNOR, "Connected Essays and Tracts."
Humboldt, Relation Historique de son Voyage aux Régions Equinoctiales du Nouveau Continent. 2 vols. 4to. Humboldt, Essai Politique sur le Royaume de la Nouvelle Espagne, Paris, 5 vols. 8vo. 1811.
In this work Bertrand upheld the thesis that "the dolmens and allées couvertes are sepulchres; and their origin seems up to the present to be northern." In 1865 appeared Bonstetten's famous Essai sur les dolmens, in which he maintained that the dolmens were constructed by one and the same people spreading over Europe from north to south.
Ibid., "Fragmens Philosophiques." Preface, VII. VALROGER, "Etudes Critiques," pp. 115, 126, 151, 308, 316. MARET, "Essai sur Pantheisme," p. 249. P. LEROUX, "Sur l'Humanité," 2 vols. BUDDÆUS, "De Atheismo et Superstitione," pp. 184, 212. RICHARD BENTLEY, "On Freethinking," Boyle Lectures.
His modesty led him to distrust his own taste, and it is worthy of notice that the corrections he made to please Voltaire often reduce the vigour of his thought in its original expression. How harshly his tastes were condemned at home may be judged by an anecdote about his father which occurs in the "Essai sur quelques caractères":
DR. JOHN LOVE, of Glasgow, "Discourses." COUSIN, "Cours," II. 420, 422. MORELL, "History of Philosophy," I. 251; II. 221, 505, 522. SPINOZA, "Tractatus Theolog.-Polit.," p. 267. LAMENNAIS, "Essai sur l'Indifference," passim. LAMENNAIS, "Essai," II. 6, 7, 52, 60, 258. Ibid., II. 9, 97, 110. LAMENNAIS, "Essai," II. 59, 72, 75, 78, 80, 84, 94; IV. 255. BOUCHITTÉ, "Histoire des Preuves," p. 478.
Montesquieu's De l'esprit des lois, which may claim to be the parent work of modern social science, Voltaire's Essai sur les moeurs, and Turgot's plan of a Histoire universelle begin a new era in man's vision of the past. Montesquieu was not among the apostles of the idea of Progress. It never secured any hold upon his mind.
I was ambitious of proving that all the faculties of the mind may be exercised and displayed by the study of ancient literature. My father fondly believed that the proof of some literary talents might introduce me to public notice. The work was printed and published under the title "Essai sur l'Etude de la Littérature."
AURÈS, Essai sur le Système métrique assyrien, p. 10 (in the Recueil de Travaux relatifs
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