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The measure was passed in 1779, and provided for the management of convicts, who were becoming troublesome, as transportation to America had ceased to be possible. Howard, whose relation to Bentham I have already noticed, was appointed as one of the commissioners to carry out the provisions of the Act. Bentham now hoped to solve the problem with his Panopticon. He printed an account of it in 1791.
While in the Prison one of the officers facetiously remarked that it was a much better gaol than he had been used to, and observed that it was built on the panopticon principle. The next day the Battalion moved to its old haunts at Potijze, and resumed duties as before. During this tour Lieutenant-Colonel F.W.M. Drew took over the command in succession to Lieutenant-Colonel Woodhouse.
Bartley's Orrery, to the Panopticon, or into the country, to a friend's house, or to his favourite watering-place. Wherever he goes, this uneasy shadow attends him. A boy is at his board, and in his path, and in all his movements. He is boy-rid, sick of perpetual boy. Boys are capital fellows in their own way, among their mates; but they are unwholesome companions for grown people.
The Panopticon was, I assume, a forerunner of the famous Panopticon in Leicester Square. "Plaything for an hour." A quotation, from Charles and Mary Lamb's Poetry for Children "Parental Recollections": A child's a plaything for an hour. "Can I reproach her for it." After these words, in the London Magazine, came: "These kind of complaints are not often drawn from me.
Roget, a nephew of Romilly, to come to his house and carry out the necessary experiments. In January 1802 he writes to Dumont proposing to send him a trifling specimen of the Panopticon, a set of hollow fire-irons invented by his brother, which may attract the attention of Buonaparte and Talleyrand. He proceeds to expound the merits of Samuel's invention for making wheels by machinery.
He was writing the book at the period when the failure of the Panopticon was calling his attention to the wickedness of George III. and Lord Eldon, and when the English demand for parliamentary reform was reviving and supplying him with a sympathetic audience.
Other works were Panopticon, in which he suggested improvements on prison discipline, Discourse on Civil and Penal Legislation , Punishments and Rewards , Parliamentary Reform Catechism , and A Treatise on Judicial Evidence. By the death of his f. he inherited a competency on which he was able to live in frugal elegance, not unmixed with eccentricity.
It had struck him that an application of his Panopticon would give the required panacea. He worked out details with his usual zeal, and the scheme attracted notice among the philanthropists of the time. It was to be a 'succedaneum' to Pitt's proposal.
It never came, and, as Bentham believed, the delay was due to the malice of George III. Had any other king been on the throne, Panopticon in both 'the prisoner branch and the pauper branch' would have been set at work. Such are the consequences of newspaper controversies with monarchs!
He published a Plea for the Constitution, showing the enormities committed in the colony, 'in breach of Magna Charta, the Petition of Right, the Habeas Corpus Act, and the Bill of Rights. Romilly in vain told him that the attorney-general could not recommend the author of such an effusion to be keeper of a Panopticon. The actual end did not come till 1811.
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