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Updated: May 21, 2025
Jan de Witt and the States conceived that his first attempt would be upon Maestricht, the possession of which he was known to have long coveted, and that the difficulties of its conquest would be sufficient to deter from further enterprise a monarch of whose military prowess no very high idea was entertained, and who was supposed to be far more enamoured of the pomp and circumstance of war than of its toils and dangers.
Bewilderment of these two once completed, Marechal de Saxe made "a beautiful march upon Maestricht;" and, April 15th, opened trenches, a very Vesuvius of artillery, before that place; Royal Highness gazing into it, in a doleful manner, from the adjacent steeple-tops. Royal Highness, valor's self, has to admit: "Such an outlook; not half of us got together!
Protestantism began once more to raise its head; and the important conquests by Frederick Henry of almost all the strong places on the Meuse, including Maestricht, the strongest of all, gave the United Provinces their ample share in the glories of the war.
Before relating that which I have to say about the Queen and her precautions against myself, I would not omit certain curious incidents during the journey that the King caused us to take in Alsatia and Flanders, when he captured Maestricht and Courtrai.
During the siege of Bonne, the mareschals Boufflers and Villeroy advanced with an army of forty thousand men towards Tongeren, and the confederate army, commanded by M. d'Auverquerque, was obliged at their approach to retreat under the cannon of Maestricht.
Religious and political sympathies and antipathies in the seventeen provinces Unanimous hatred for the foreign soldiery Use made by the Prince of the mutiny His correspondence Necessity of Union enforced A congress from nearly all the provinces meets at Ghent Skirmishes between the foreign troops and partisan bands Slaughter at Tisnacq Suspicions entertained of the State-Council Arrest of the State-Council Siege of Ghent citadel Assistance sent by Orange Maestricht lost and regained Wealthy and perilous condition of Antwerp Preparations of the mutineers under the secret superintendence of Avila Stupidity of Oberstein Duplicity of Don Sancho Reinforcements of Walloons under Havre, Egmont, and others, sent to for the expected assault of Antwerp Governor Champagny's preparations the mutineers Insubordination, incapacity, and negligence of all but him Concentration of all the mutineers from different points, in the citadel The attack the panic the flight the massacre the fire the sack and other details of the "Spanish Fury" Statistics of murder and robbery Letter of Orange to the states-general Surrender of Ghent citadel Conclusion of the "Ghent Pacification" The treaty characterized Forms of ratification Fall of Zierickzee and recovery of Zealand.
The twenty-six articles of this act consolidate the indissoluble connection of the United Provinces; each preserving its separate franchises, and following its own good pleasure on the subject of religion. The towns of Ghent, Antwerp, Bruges, and Ypres, soon after acceded to and joined the union. The prince of Parma now assumed the offensive, and marched against Maestricht with his whole army.
On the 5th of March news reached Paris that the Austrians had captured Aix-la-Chapelle, and that the French general Miranda had been compelled to abandon his guns and to retire from before Maestricht, which he was besieging. Danton, who was in the north, arranging the annexation of the Netherlands to France, started for Paris at once.
It was this vow, which tempted me from my native valleys. Its execution, therefore, being my principal aim, I deserted my solitary bank and proceeded on my journey. Maestricht abounds in Gothic churches, but contains no temple to Ceres. I was not sorry to quit it, after spending an hour unavoidably within its walls.
Maestricht was recovered, and an indiscriminate slaughter instantly avenged its temporary loss. The plundering, stabbing, drowning, burning, ravishing; were so dreadful that, in the words of a cotemporary historian, "the burghers who had escaped the fight had reason to think themselves less fortunate than those who had died with arms in their hands."
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