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At the cabaret where we stopped, we were informed, that the officer who was at the hotel had been appointed to the command of the strong fort of Bergen-op-Zoom, and was proceeding thither. "We must not chance to meet him again, if possible," said O'Brien; "it would be treading too close upon the heels of his duty.
To finish up my visit to Holland, I paid a visit to the Naval Arsenal at Flushing, and as I passed through Zeeland I saw from afar, and not without emotion, the belfry towers of Bergen-op-Zoom, a town which witnessed the performance of two of the most brilliant exploits in our annals. The first the taking of the stronghold by assault, by Marshal de Lowendal's army, in 1747.
Spinola was supposed to be aiming at Sluys, at Grave, at Bergen-op-Zoom, possibly even at some more remote city, like Rheinberg, while rumours as to his designs, flying directly from his camp, were as thick as birds in the air. They were let loose on purpose by the artful Genoese, who all the time had a distinct and definite plan which was not yet suspected.
The fight was desperately contested, and the issue was on the whole in favour of the allies, when at a critical moment the Dutch gave way; and the French were able to claim, though at very heavy cost, a doubtful victory. It enabled Saxe nevertheless to despatch a force under Löwenthal to besiege the important fortress of Bergen-op-Zoom.
Equation between the contending powers Treaty of peace between King James and the archdukes and the King of Spain Position of the Provinces States envoy in England to be styled ambassador Protest of the Spanish ambassador Effect of James's peace-treaty on the people of England Public rejoicings for the victory at Sluys Spinola appointed commander-in-chief of the Spanish forces Preparations for a campaign against the States Seizure of Dutch cruisers International discord Destruction of Sarmiento's fleet by Admiral Haultain Projected enterprise against Antwerp Descent of Spinola on the Netherland frontier Oldenzaal and Lingen taken Movements of Prince Maurice Encounter of the two armies Panic of the Netherlanders Consequent loss and disgrace Wachtendonk and Cracow taken by Spinola Spinola's reception in Spain Effect of his victories Results of the struggle between Freedom and Absolutism Affairs in the East Amboyna taken by Van der Hagen Contest for possession of the Clove Islands Commercial treaty between the States and the King of Ternate Hostilities between the Kings of Ternate and Tydor Expulsion of the Portuguese from the Moluccas Du Terrail's attempted assault on Bergen-op-Zoom Attack on the Dunkirk pirate fleet Practice of executing prisoners captured at sea.
But still the damage fell chiefly on the besiegers, who were slain in heaps; while the garrison suffered very little, and could be occasionally relieved or reinforced from the lines. In a word, it was generally believed that count Lowendahl would be baffled in his endeavours; and by this belief the governor of Bergen-op-Zoom seems to have been lulled into a blind security.
The subtle diplomatists now invented a phrase in which the word should not appear, while the thing itself should be granted. The Spaniards, after much altercation, at last consented. By the end of February, most of the plenipotentiaries thought it safe to request the appearance of the States-General at Bergen-op-Zoom.
On the other hand, in case of an infraction of the truce by the enemy, the two kings agreed to lend assistance to the States in the manner provided by the treaties concluded with the republic previously to the negotiation of the truce. The treaty had been at once ratified by the States-General, assembled for the purpose with an extraordinary number of deputies at Bergen-op-Zoom.
"Although," said he, "the Queen might justly require that the cessation should be general for all the King's dominion, yet in order not to stand on precise points, she is content that it should extend no further than to the towns of Flushing; Brief, Ostend, and Bergen-op-Zoom." "To this he said nothing," wrote the envoy, "and so I went no further."
Early in the spring a great enterprise against Antwerp was projected. It failed utterly. Maurice, at Bergen-op-Zoom, despatched seven thousand troops up the Scheld, under command of Ernest Casimir.
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