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Updated: June 21, 2025
The men of Gloucester also expressed their joy at Boston's glorious opposition, cried with one voice that "no tea subject to a duty should be landed" in their town, and held themselves ready for the last appeal. The morning of Thursday, December 16, 1773, dawned upon Boston, a day by far the most momentous in its annals.
On December 25 the Nautilus navigated amid the island group of the New Hebrides, which the Portuguese seafarer Queirós discovered in 1606, which Commander Bougainville explored in 1768, and to which Captain Cook gave its current name in 1773.
The new constitution came into force on the 26th of December 1791; and, for the first time, Upper and Lower Canada had the right to elect their own representatives. Assemblies, of course, were nothing new in British North America. Nova Scotia had an assembly in 1758, the year that Louisbourg was taken. Prince Edward Island had one in 1773, the year before the Quebec Act was passed.
The objections made from the beginning, and still made, with such answers as experience has suggested, find place later on. Weeden's Economic and Social History of New England, vol. i. p. 304. Caulkins, p. 273. Boston News-Letter, Jan. 25, 1773. Boston News-Letter, Jan. 25, 1773. Barry's Massachusetts, vol. xi. p. 193. Weeden's Social and Economic History of New England, vol. ii. p. 790.
After filling various important government positions, Philip Francis, the son, was in 1773 made a member of the Council of Bengal, where his relations with the governor-general, Warren Hastings, were of an extremely strained character, amounting at times almost to a public scandal.
That in November, 1773, the said Warren Hastings abolished the office of Collector, and transferred the collection and management of the revenues to several councils of revenue, commonly called Provincial Councils.
When young James Boone and Henry Russell were killed by Indians in Powell's Valley in the fall of 1773, all hope of a friendly penetration of the western country died. Ever since Colonel Bouquet's treaty with the Ohio tribes on the collapse of Pontiac's War the frontier had suffered from many small raids, but there had been no organized warfare.
In the province of New York, common labourers earned in 1773, before the commencement of the late disturbances, three shillings and sixpence currency, equal to two shillings sterling, a-day; ship-carpenters, ten shillings and sixpence currency, with a pint of rum, worth sixpence sterling, equal in all to six shillings and sixpence sterling; house-carpenters and bricklayers, eight shillings currency, equal to four shillings and sixpence sterling; journeymen tailors, five shillings currency, equal to about two shillings and tenpence sterling.
The regular tutors referred to above were largely indentured servants who then constituted probably the majority of the teachers of the colonies. In 1773 Jonathan Boucher said that two thirds of the teachers of Maryland belonged to this class. The contact of Negroes with these servants is significant.
I have thought it worth while to subjoin for comparison Thackeray's wonderful pastiche in The Virginians, which is almost better Horace than Horace himself. ARLINGTON STREET, April 31. 1773
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