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Updated: June 26, 2025
This is a nearly allied species to our native G. tinctoria, and is of dwarf growth with a rich abundance of golden yellow flowers that are produced towards the end of summer. G. EPHEDROIDES. Corsica and Sardinia, 1832. With small and abundantly-produced flowers, this resembles Ephedra, hence its name. G. GERMANICA. Germany, 1773.
HOP. The strobiles are used for dyeing; but although they yield a yellow colour, the principal use is as a mordant. HYPERICUM perforatum. PERFORATED ST. JOHN'S WORT. The flowers dye a fine yellow. IRIS germanica. GERMAN IRIS. The juice of the corolla treated with alum makes a good permanent green ink. ISATIS tinctoria.
Anthemis tinctoria, yellow or white, the yellow is by far the best, and the lance-leaved, large-flowered, larkspur-leaved and eared coreopsises are fine, seasonable perennials, as are likewise the yellow, white, and pink yarrows, double sneezewort, the cone flowers, and large-flowered fleabanes, and all grow readily in any ordinary garden soil, and with little care.
Virchow regarded the Lapps as a race produced by disease a pathological product. It is possible that former liability to disease and present immunity from it is the final explanation of the tropical pygmy race. In the United States black pigs are able to eat, without harm, a common marsh herb, the "Red-root" Lachnanthes tinctoria, which kills other pigs.
The whole south east side is composed of black sterile rocks, which are piled together in an extraordinary confusion; even to the environs of the town of Saint Croix, scarcely any thing is seen, on the greater part of these dry and burnt lands, but low plants, the higher of which are probably Euphorbia, or thorny Cereus; and those which cover the ground, the hairy lichen, Crocella tinctoria, which is employed in dying, and which this island furnishes in abundance.
They are valuable for their wood, which produces a fine yellow dye, known by the name of `fustic-wood. The tree that produces the best of this dye is the Morus tinctoria, and grows in the West Indies and tropical America; but there is a species found in the southern United States, of an inferior kind, which produces the `bastard fustic' of commerce.
Many of them were tattooed a custom that at one time had been universal, but was now dying out among the more civilized. Most of them were, save for the mantle, naked from the waist up, the body being stained a deep blue with woad a plant largely cultivated for its dye. This plant, known as Isatis tinctoria, is still grown in France and Flanders.
They grow and spread freely, and are therefore useful where unchecked and rampant shrub growth is desirable. A small growing and not very desirable species from Japan . S. TINCTORIA. Sweet-leaf, or Horse Sugar. South United States, 1780. This is a small-growing shrub, with clusters of fragrant yellow flowers, but it is not very hardy unless planted against a sheltered and sunny wall.
The last place produces the best kind. For its culture more at length see Agriculture of Surry, by Mr. Stevenson. ISATIS tinctoria. WOAD. Is cultivated in the county of Somersetshire. It is used, after being prepared, for dyeing &c. It is said to be the mordant used for a fine blue on woollen. The foliage, which is like Spinach, is gathered during the summer months, and steeped in vats of water.
The Timber-trees are, of the Oaks, Quercus alba, Quercus macrocarpa, Quercus tinctoria, Quercus imbricaria, Hard and Soft Maples, and of the Hickories, Carya alba, Carya tomentosa, and Carya amara. Of Medicinal Plants, we find Cassia Marilandica, Polygala Senega, Sanguinaria Canadensis, Lobelia inflata, Phytolacca decandra, Podophyllum peliatum, Sassafras officinale.
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