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They were in fact at this time the most unmilitary part of the population, and they inherited the title only because the property qualification for the equites equo privato, i.e. the cavalry who served with their horses, had been taken as the qualification also for equestrian judices, to whom Gaius Gracchus had given the decision of cases in the quaestio de repetundis.
Earl Dowglas on a milk-white Steed, Most like a Baron bold, Rode foremost of the Company, Whose Armour shone like Gold. Turnus ut antevolans tardum precesserat agmen, &c. Vidisti, quo Turnus equo, quibus ibat in armis Aureus ... Our English Archers bent their Bows Their Hearts were good and true; At the first Flight of Arrows sent, Full threescore Scots they slew.
Cum vero aliqua regio nitebatur Romanis insidias aliquas imponere, statim imago eiusdem regionis campanam suam pulsavit, et miles exivit in equo aeneo in summitate predicti palatii, hastam vibravit, et predictam regionem inspexit. Et ab instanti Romani hoc videntes se armaverunt et predictam regionem expugnaverunt.
Mithras was the sun and he was also the God of the Persians; and according to Ovid's account horses were offered in sacrifice to him, Placat equo Persis radiis Hyperiona cinctum, Ne detur celeri victima tarda Deo. But Mr. Hyde believes that they only made use of the sun and fire in their worship as symbols of the Divinity.
For the expression hospes tuus avitus cf. Plautus, Miles 135 paternum suom hospitem. CUM INGRESSUS etc.: i.e. protracted exercise of one kind did not weary him. CUM ... EQUO: though Cic. says in equo vehi, esse, sedere etc. the preposition here is left out because a mere ablative of manner or means is required to suit the similar ablative pedibus.
The closed number of the equites probably continued to subsist down to Sulla's time, when with the -de facto- abeyance of the censorship the basis of it fell away, and to all appearance in place of the censorial bestowal of the equestrian horse came its acquisition by hereditary right; thenceforth the senator's son was by birth an -eques-. Alongside, however, of this closed equestrian body, the -equites equo publico-, stood from an early period of the republic the burgesses bound to render mounted service on their own horses, who are nothing but the highest class of the census; they do not vote in the equestrian centuries, but are regarded otherwise as equites, and lay claim likewise to the honorary privileges of the equestrian order.
The Scythians when in the field and in scarcity of provisions used to let their horses blood, which they drank, and sustained themselves by that diet: "Venit et epoto Sarmata pastus equo."
But to proceed: Earl Douglas on a milk-white steed, Most like a baron bold, Rode foremost of the company, Whose armour shone like gold. Turnus, ut antevolans tardum praecesserat agmen, &c. Vidisti, quo Turnus equo, quibus ibat in armis Aurcus AEn. ix. 47, 269. Our English archers bent their bows, Their hearts were good and true; At the first flight of arrows sent, Full threescore Scots they slew.
He is arguing on the word dignus, from which dignitas is derived. The original knights, to distinguish them from these latter, are often called equites equo publico, sometimes also ficus vanes or trossuli Vide Smith, Dict. Ant. P. 394-396, v. It was divided into summus, nedus and imus Horace says
The closed number of the equites probably continued to subsist down to Sulla's time, when with the -de facto- abeyance of the censorship the basis of it fell away, and to all appearance in place of the censorial bestowal of the equestrian horse came its acquisition by hereditary right; thenceforth the senator's son was by birth an -eques-. Alongside, however, of this closed equestrian body, the -equites equo publico-, stood from an early period of the republic the burgesses bound to render mounted service on their own horses, who are nothing but the highest class of the census; they do not vote in the equestrian centuries, but are regarded otherwise as equites, and lay claim likewise to the honorary privileges of the equestrian order.
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