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Updated: May 7, 2025
Phoenicia not claimed by Cyrus Submits willingly to Cambyses Takes part in his invasion of Egypt Refuses to proceed against Carthage Exceptional privileges enjoyed by the Phoenicians under the Persians Government system of Darius advantageous to them Their conduct in the Ionian revolt In the expeditions of Mardonius and Datis In the great expedition of Xerxes Interruption of the friendly relations between Phoenicia and Persia Renewal of amity Services rendered to Persia between B.C. 465 and 392 Amicable relations with Athens Phoenicia joins in revolt of Evagoras Supports Tachos, king of Egypt Declares herself independent under Tennes Conquered and treated with great severity of Ochus Sidonian dynasty of the Esmunazars.
A storm shattered the fleet upon the rocky promontory of Athos, and the land force was partly destroyed by the Thracians. Mardonius retreated homeward. The heralds who came to demand, according to the Persian custom, "water and earth" of Athens and Sparta, were put to death. Enraged at these events, Darius sent a stronger fleet under Datis and Artaphernes.
Datis, discouraged, set sail, without landing, to the Cyclades. It was fought by Athens twenty years after the expulsion of the tyrants, and as a democratic State. On the Athenians rest the glory forever. It was not important for the number of men who fell on either side, but for giving the first great check to the Persian domination, and preventing their conquest of Europe.
The knowledge of such a movement would of course confirm Miltiades in his resolution to bring on a speedy engagement. But, in truth, whatever amount of cavalry we suppose Datis to have had with him on the day of Marathon, their inaction in the battle is intelligible, if we believe the attack of the Athenian spearmen to have been as sudden as it was rapid.
In Datis, the Mede, brother to the most renowned of the Magi, you behold a warrior worthy to assist the arms even of Pausanias." "I greet ye in our Spartan phrase, 'The beautiful to the good," said Pausanias, regarding the Barbarians with an earnest gaze.
They pushed off from the fatal shore: but even here the skill of Datis did not desert him, and he sailed round to the western coast of Attica, in hopes to find the city unprotected, and to gain possession of it from some of the partisans of Hippias. Miltiades, however, saw and counteracted his manoeuvre.
"Sacrifice a cock to the Fates, then." "But why, think you," asked one of the Helots, "that we shall be so soon summoned back to Laconia?" "Because while ye are drinking and idling here drones that ye are there is commotion in the Athenian bee-hive yonder. Know that Ariamanes the Persian and Datis the Mede have escaped.
He recalled Mardonius, whose energy, indeed, had not been proportioned to his powers, and appointed two other generals Datis, a native of the warlike Media, and Artaphernes, his own nephew, son to the former satrap of that name. These were expressly ordered to march at once against Eretria and Athens.
It also gave force to the religious sentiments of the people, for such a victory was regarded as owing to the special favor of the gods. The Spartans did not arrive until after the battle had been fought, and Datis had returned with his Etrurian prisoners to Asia. But the victory turned his head, and he lost both prudence and patriotism.
The subjects of the embroideries are taken from the Greek mythology, and include representations of Andromeda, of Amymone, and of Orpheus, who is frequently repeated.... Datis is moreover represented, destroying Naxos with his fleet, and Artaphernes besieging Eretria, and Xerxes gaining his famous victories.
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