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I, 24 filium in adoptionem D. Silano emancipaverat, some person is mentioned to whom the original owner makes over his rights. But in Plaut. Bacchid. 1, 1, 90 mulier, tibi me emancupo the sense is 'I enslave myself to you', i.e. Phil. 2, 51 venditum atque emancipatum tribunatum. SENILE ALIQUID ... ALIQUID ADULESCENTIS: chiasmus. For the sense cf. 33 ferocitas iuvenum ... senectutis maturitas.
Here translate 'statesmen'. IN VITA ... QUIETA: 'in an unofficial and retired life'. There is chiasmus here, since privata is contrasted with honoratis and quieta with claris.
Cato means that just as Themistocles' success was due to two things, his own character and his good fortune, so two things are necessary to make old age endurable, viz. moderate fortune and wisdom. He then in 9 insists that of these two conditions wisdom is far the more important. NEC ... LEVIS ... NEC ... NON GRAVIS: notice the chiasmus.
The proleptic or anticipatory use of ceteris should also be noticed; its sense is not fully seen till we come to hunc librum; the same use occurs below in 4, 5, 59, 60; so aliis in 24; cf. also n. on Lael. 7 reliqua. This usage is called by grammarians chiasmus. Thus if we denote the four parts by AA' BB', chiasmus requires the order ABB'A' or BAA'B'. See examples in 8, 20, 22, 38, 44, 71.
For the more complicated forms of chiasmus consult Nägelsbach, Stil. §§ 167, 169. A. 344, f; G. 684; H. 562. LIBRUM ... MISIMUS: observe the omission of a particle at the beginning of the clause; the contrast between ceteris and hunc librum is made stronger by the omission. For this asyndeton adversativum see n. on Lael. 5 Laelium ... putes.
These three men are very frequently mentioned together by Cicero; cf. below, 43, Lael. 18. NIHIL AGEBANT: observe that nihil agebat is put at the beginning of the first sentence, nihil agebant at the end of the second; chiasmus.
NULLAE ... FUISSENT: i.e. the young men would have brought every country to ruin; see 20. CUM ... CUM: see n. on 4. IN FILIO ... IN FRATRIBUS: cf. Lael. 9. As to Cato's son cf. 15, 84. TU: sc. sensisti. INSIPIENTER: adversative asyndeton. INCERTA ... VERIS: chiasmus avoided. With the thought cf. Off. 1, 18. AT ... AT: the objection and its answer are both introduced by at, as here, in 35.
AFFERAT: subjunctive because nihil quod = nihil tale ut. A 320, a; G. 633, 634; H. 503, I. QUO IN GENERE: sc. rerum; with this phrase the defining genitive is commonly omitted by Cicero. So below, 45 in eo genere. UT ... ADEPTAM: notice the chiasmus. EANDEM: idem is used in the same way, to mark an emphatic contrast in 24, 52, 68, 71.
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