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Updated: May 23, 2025
'Real entities, according to him, are 'individual perceptions, 'impressions, and 'ideas. In this, of course, he is following Hume, though he applies the Johnsonian argument to Berkeley's immaterialism. A 'fictitious entity' is a name which does note 'raise up in the mind any correspondent images. Such names owe their existence to the necessities of language.
We do very well to speak of "matter" in common parlance, but all that the word really means is a group of qualities which have no existence apart from our minds. Modern philosophers have quite generally accepted this conclusion, and every attempt to overturn Berkeley's reasoning has hitherto resulted in complete and disastrous failure.
"Ah! marry, it is, governor, and I trow he will make a merry sight dangling from it," put in Giles, a smile on his face. Sir William Berkeley's face was deathly white; but he made no response. Mr. Price, who feared his wife's son might yet escape, urged: "Governor, the scaffold is ready. Come, give the order for the execution."
Berkeley's words may be detected in these acts of the Assembly. In no great time the Cavalier Governor conferred with Colonel Henry Norwood, one of the royalist refugees to Virginia. Norwood thereupon sailed away upon a Dutch ship and came to Holland, where he found "his Majesty that now is."
The restricting of local officers to one office at a time struck a blow at Berkeley's system of government by placemen. But the laws did not include an act to prohibit officeholders from sitting in the Assembly. This would have gone to the root of the trouble, but it was too much to expect the governor to assent to it even with Bacon and his infuriated men marching on Jamestown.
In several respects he does not go so far as Berkeley, in others very much farther. In agreement with Berkeley's ultra-nominalism, which combats even the possibility of abstract ideas, he yet does not follow him to the extent of denying external reality. The points in Locke's philosophy which seemed to Hume to need completion were different from those at which Berkeley had struck in.
Berkeley's ingenious philosophy, that nothing exists but as perceived by some mind ; when the gentleman was going away, Johnson said to him, "Pray, Sir, don't leave us; for we may perhaps forget to think of you, and then you will cease to exist ."
They walked all round the meadows, and back again beside the arches of the beautiful bridge, and then returned to Berkeley's rooms once more for a cup of afternoon tea, and an air or two of Berkeley's own composing. Edie enjoyed the walk and the talk immensely; she enjoyed the music even more. In a way, it was all so new to her.
He established himself in Williamsburg; at Drummond's suggestion Berkeley's flight was taken to mean his withdrawal from the governorship which, at any rate, had now passed its appointed limit and a summons was sent out to the gentlemen of Virginia to meet for consultation as to the future conduct of the colony.
His rigid love of truth bends to nothing but his habitual love of disputation. He puts one in mind of one of those long-headed politicians and frequenters of coffee-houses mentioned in Berkeley's Minute Philosopher, who would make nothing of such old-fashioned fellows as Plato and Aristotle. He has the new light strong upon him, and he knocks other people down with its solid beams.
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