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Updated: May 3, 2025
I have here specimens of various bromides which can be employed, such as ammonium, potassium, barium, and zinc bromides; as a rule, however, either the ammonium or potassium salt is used, and I should like to say a few words respecting the relative efficiency of these two salts. As to ammonium bromide. This substance is a highly unstable salt.
"If garments are dipped in a solution of ammonium phosphate in the proportion of one pound to a gallon of cold water, they are made fire-proof," read a leaflet that was handed in at every house in the town. "Ammonium phosphate costs but 25 cents a pound," it went on. "A family wash can be rendered fire-proof at an expense of 15 cents a week."
If a solution of ferric oxide and manganese ammonium oxalate is submitted to electrolysis, without the previous addition of ammonium oxalate, the characteristic color of permanganic acid immediately makes its appearance, and the peroxide gradually precipitates itself on the positive, while the iron is deposited on the negative electrode.
When the reduction has been completed, the supernatant liquid is poured off, and the residue washed in the ordinary manner. Arsenic cannot be completely separated from either its aqueous hydrochloric acid, or from a solution to which ammonium oxalate has been added in excess.
It is doubtful whether ammonium carbonate tends to prevent fibrin deposits or clots in the heart, as so long supposed.
The ammonium oxalate is added in excess to the solution, which is then heated, and four more grammes of the solid salt added. The separation of the nickel is as rapid as that of the cobalt. The nickel is precipitated as a gray, compact mass, tightly adhering to the electrode.
The solution which contains the greater portion of manganese, suspended as peroxide, must first, therefore, be boiled to decompose the ammonium carbonate; the remainder of the ammonium oxalate is neutralized with nitric acid, and the manganese converted into the sulphide by ammonium sulphide. The manganese sulphide is then ignited in a current of hydrogen, and weighed as such.
Tin may be easily estimated by electrolysis; it can be separated from its hydrochloric acid solution, or from its double salt with ammonium oxalate, as a beautiful silver gray coating on the platinum. When the ammonium oxalate is substituted by the potassium salt, the operation becomes more difficult, as a basic salt is formed at the opposite pole, and is not easily reduced.
This hinderance of nitrification by the presence of an excess of ammonium carbonate effectually prevents the nitrification of strong solutions of urine, in which, as already mentioned, ammonium carbonate is the first product of fermentation.
When the cadmium ammonium oxalate is submitted to the action of the electric current, the metal is thrown down in the form of a gray coating, which does not adhere very firmly to the electrode, but, however, sufficiently so as not to become separated on careful washing.
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