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Updated: June 27, 2025
It has an irregular but continuous border, except on the S., where two large ring-plains have encroached upon it, and a third, N. of a line joining their centres, occupies no inconsiderable portion of the floor. Heinsius is nearly 50 miles across, and the border on the W., is nearly 9000 feet above the interior, which includes, at least, three small craters.
NEARCH. A ring-plain, about 35 miles in diameter, on the S.W. of Hommel, forming part of the Vlacq group. TANNERUS. A ring-plain, about 19 miles in diameter, between Mutus and Bacon. It has a central mountain. MUTUS. A fine but foreshortened walled plain, 51 miles in diameter. There are two ring-plains of about equal size on the floor, one on the N., and the other on the S. side.
EICHSTADT. A ring-plain, 32 miles in diameter, near the E. limb, S. of Rocca. It is the largest and most southerly of three nearly circular enclosures, without central mountains or any other details of interest. On the W. lies a great walled-plain with a very irregular border, containing several ring-plains and craters, and a crater-rill. Schmidt has named this formation DARWIN.
The border is broken on the W., S., and E. by craters and depressions, and on the N. is flanked by two overlapping ring-plains, a and b.
A fine mountain range, the Percy Mountains, is connected with the E. flank of Gassendi, extending in a S.E. direction towards Mersenius, and defining the N.E. side of the Mare Humorum. BULLIALDUS. A noble object, 38 miles in diameter, forming with its surroundings by far the most notable formation on the surface of the Mare Nubium, and one of the most characteristic ring-plains on the moon.
KIRCHER. A ring-plain, about 45 miles in diameter, S. of Bettinus, remarkable also for its very lofty rampart, which on the S. attains the tremendous height of nearly 18,000 feet above the floor, which appears to be devoid of detail. WILSON. The most southerly of the chain of five massive ring-plains, extending in an almost unbroken line from Segner and differing only very slightly in size.
It is 90 miles in diameter, with a border much broken by depressions, especially on the N.E. At one peak on this side it rises to the tremendous altitude of 13,000 feet above the floor, and at peaks on the W. more than 1000 feet higher. There is a crowd of ring-plains on the N.E. quarter of the interior, and some hills and craterlets in other parts of it. It is also crossed by rays from Tycho.
It is broken on the N. by two fine ring-plains, each about 20 miles in diameter, and on the E. by a third open to the E. There is a central mountain, and several small craters on the floor, especially on the W. side. BUSCHING. A ring-plain S. of Zagut, about 36 miles in diameter, with a moderately high but irregular wall. There are several craterlets within and some low hills.
It extends fully 150 miles from E. to W., and more from N. to S.; so it may be taken to include an area on the lunar globe which is, roughly speaking, equal to half the superficies of Ireland. This vast space, bounded by one of the loftiest, most massive, and prominently-terraced ramparts, includes ring-plains, craters, crater-rows, and valleys, in short, almost every type of lunar formation.
While many of these features are so deep that they remain visible for a considerable time under a low sun, others, though perhaps of greater extent, vanish in an hour or so. As in the case of the walled-plains, the ramparts of the ring-plains exhibit gaps and are broken by craters and depressions, but to a much less extent.
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