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As regards the word ain in the Iranian languages see Horn Grundriss der neu persischen Etymologie, 15-16; Hubschmann, Persische Studien 11, and B.G.A. IV, 175, and VIII, Glossarium IX. To understand the ancient usage of the term the modern Parsi expression Dad wa ain din in the sense of religious law and custom helps us.

As to the modern ones, it is true that not all have been able to escape the two dangers to which works of this character are exposed that of being obscure on the one hand, or commonplace on the other. J. G. Droysen's Grundriss der Historik is heavy, pedantic, and confused beyond all imagination. Freeman, Tardif, and Chevalier tell us nothing but what is elementary and obvious.

Opposed to this philosophy are GOLDWIN SMITH'S Lectures on the Study of History; C. Kingsley, in his Miscellanies, The Limits of Exact Science as applied to History; Froude, in Short Studies, vol. i., The Science of History; Lotze, as above; also, Flint, and Droysen, Grundriss der Historik. Hegel's Philosophy of History has profound observations, but connected with an a priori theory.

WORKS ON WACE E. Du Méril, La vie et les ouvrages de Wace, in Jahrbuch für romanische u. englische Literatur, I, i ff.; also in his Etudes sur quelques points d'Archéologie, Paris and Leipzig, 1862. Grober, Grundriss der romanischen Philologie, Strassburg, 1888-1902, II, i, 635 ff. H. Morley, English Writers, III, 55. G. Paris, Romania, IX, 592 ff.

Die Poesie der Troubadours, 2nd edit., re-edited by K. Bartsch, Leipsic, 1883. K. Bartsch, Grundriss zur Geschichte der provenzalischen Literatur, Elberfeld, 1872. A new edition of this indispensable work is in preparation by Prof. A. Pillet of Breslau. The first part of the book contains a sketch of Provençal literature, and a list of manuscripts.

Journal of Medical Research, No. 2, November, 1914. Ziehen. Psychiatrie, Vierte Auflage, 1911. Wernicke. Grundriss der Psychiatrie, 2 Auflage, 1906. Kraepelin. Psychiatrie, Achte Auflage, I Band, 1909. Binswanger. Lehrbuch der Psychiatrie, Dritte Auflage, 1911. Ballet. Traite de Pathologie Mentale, 1903. New York, N. Y., May 5, 1915

To those of you who wish to get a brief review of the state of science in the Alexandrian School I would recommend the chapter in Vol. I of Dannemann's history. Friedrich Dannemann: Grundriss einer Geschichte der Naturwissenschaften, Vol. I, 3d ed., Leipzig, 1908. Of special interest to us in Alexandria is the growth of the first great medical school of antiquity.