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Kraepelin states that many cases of tuberculosis show traits of alcoholic disease and says that the occurrence of polyneuritic forms of alcoholic mental disorder is favored by the association of tuberculosis with alcoholism. Wernicke does not systematically consider the topic.
Chronic nephritis, as well as acute diabetes and Addison's disease are thought by Ziehen to produce certain chronic forms of mental defect which he terms autotoxic dementia, but he regards most of these cases as really cases of arteriosclerotic dementia. It does not appear that Wernicke has considered renal correlations systematically.
Wernicke wisely refrained from attempting more than a loose descriptive grouping. He called all conditions with marked inactivity and apathy “akinetic psychoses” and said that some recovered, some did not. Taxonomic zeal began to blind vision when Kahlbaum formulated his “Catatonia” and included stupor in the symptom complex.
Wernicke has observed that the size of the occipital lobes is in proportion to the size of the optic tracts, and that the occipital lobes are the centers of vision. Hughlings Jackson has observed that limited and general convulsions were often produced by disease in the cortex of the so-called motor convolutions.
Journal of Medical Research, No. 2, November, 1914. Ziehen. Psychiatrie, Vierte Auflage, 1911. Wernicke. Grundriss der Psychiatrie, 2 Auflage, 1906. Kraepelin. Psychiatrie, Achte Auflage, I Band, 1909. Binswanger. Lehrbuch der Psychiatrie, Dritte Auflage, 1911. Ballet. Traite de Pathologie Mentale, 1903. New York, N. Y., May 5, 1915
What he wants is a pipe that won't put itself into his mouth, a glass that won't leap of its own accord to his lips, money that won't slip untouched out of his pocket, legs that without asking will carry him certain miles every day in the open air, habits that practise themselves, a wife that will expand and contract according to his humours, like a Wernicke bookcase, always complete but never finished.
Wernicke, unhampered by classifications of catatonia and manic-depressive insanity with inelastic boundaries, calls all stupor reactions akinetic psychoses with varying prognosis. He does not make Kraepelin’s mistake of confusing the apathy of stupor with the retardation of depression, stating distinctly that the processes are different. Bleuler also has grasped this discrimination.
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