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Updated: June 13, 2025
II. VIII. Officers II. III. Restrictions As to the Accumulation and Reoccupation of Offices II. III. New Opposition The stability of the Roman nobility may be clearly traced, more especially in the case of the patrician -gentes-, by means of the consular and aedilician Fasti.
"By this increasing complication of marriage restrictions, group marriage became more and more impossible; it was displaced by the pairing family. "The communistic household, in which most or all the women belong to one and the same gens, while the husbands come from different gentes, is the cause and foundation of the general and widespread supremacy of women in primeval times.
Once, about sixty or seventy years ago, the Bloods and Piegans had a quarrel so serious that men were killed on both sides and horses stolen; yet this was hardly a real war, for only a part of each tribe was involved, and the trouble was not of long duration. Each one of the Blackfoot tribes is subdivided into gentes, a gens being a body of consanguineal kindred in the male line.
It would be simply a growth from a lower into a higher organization by an extension of the principle which united the gentes in a tribe. As might have been expected, several confederacies existed in different parts of North America when discovered, some of which were quite remarkable in plan and structure.
These changes show that certain gentes in some of the tribes have become extinct through the vicissitudes of time, and that others have been formed by the segmentation of over full gentes.
In some tribes the members of a gens will not eat the animal whose name they bear, in which they are doubtless influenced by this consideration. With respect to the number of persons in a gens, it varied with the number of the gentes, and with the prosperity or decadence of the tribe.
Each of these subdivided, and the subdivisions became independent gentes; but they retained the names of the original gentes as their respective phratric names In other words, the subdivisions of each gens reorganized in a phratry.
The gentes were not only represented in the senate, but met also in a public assembly called "comitia curiata." In these comitia the kings were elected and invested with royal authority.
They consist of the anthem Alleluja repeated three times before and after the short psalm Laudate Dominion omnes gentes etc.; of the anthem Vesper autem sabbati, which the Celebrant commences and the choir continues; of the Magnificat and in fine of the prayer which is chanted by the Card. Celebrant.
When all the gentes of the tribe were present, each had its special position in the circle, and always occupied it. The lodge of the chief of the gens stood just within the circle, and about it his people camped. The order indicated in the accompanying diagram represents the Piegan camp as it used to stand thirty-five or forty years ago.
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