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Updated: June 13, 2025
Hartmann shows two cases of multiple exostoses, both in males, and universally distributed over the body. It is so common that about one per cent of the natives of certain villages on the Ivory Coast, West Africa, are subject to it.
The inheritance of exostoses on horses' legs may be the inheritance of a constitutional tendency rather than of the effect of the parents' hard travelling. Horses congenitally liable to such formations would transmit the liability, and this might readily be mistaken for inheritance of the results of the liability.
At best, one can only hope for partial recovery, that is to say, the member may regain its usefulness as a weight-supporting part, but because of restricted or abolished joint function, locomotion is more or less difficult. Exostoses, articular and periarticular, occur and the carpus usually becomes a large immobile articulation.
Cases have been met with in which certain parts of the skeleton only those developed in cartilage were so uniformly permeated with cartilage that the condition has been described as a "chondromatosis" and is regarded as dating from an early period of fœtal life. Unlike the condition known as multiple cartilaginous exostoses, it is a malignant disease.
Bony formations occur in muscles and tendons, especially at their points of attachment to the skeleton, and are known as false exostoses; they are described with the diseases of muscles. Odontomas resemble teeth in so far that during their development they remain hidden below the mucous membrane and give no evidence of their existence.
The diagnostician should take note of local manifestations of hypersensitiveness, or heat if such exist, and, in addition, other conditions must be excluded before definite conclusions are possible. Periarticular ringbone is characterized by exostoses which are situated on the sides of the phalanges and not extending around to the anterior part of the joint.
Symptomatology. Where a visible exostosis exists, the presence of spavin is easily detected, yet exostoses that extend over large areas may constitute cause for serious trouble and still be difficult of detection.
Such tumors, when the affected member is supporting weight, are not to be distinguished from exostoses; but as soon as the affected leg ceases to bear weight, it may be passively flexed and the nature of the enlargement recognized because it may be slightly displaced by digital manipulation. Displacement, of course, is not possible with an exostosis.
This fact has been repeatedly demonstrated in this country as well as elsewhere according to Quitman, Dalrymple and Merillat. A number of states have passed stallion inspection laws stipulating that animals having such exostoses as spavin and ringbone cannot be registered except as "unsound."
Among the benign bone tumors are exostoses homologous outgrowths differing from hypertrophies, as they only involve a limited part of the circumference. Barwell had a case of a girl with 38 exostoses. Erichsen mentions a young man of twenty-one with 15 groups of symmetric exostoses in various portions of the body; they were spongy or cancellous in nature.
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