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Updated: June 3, 2025
It is stupor as a clinical entity, as a separate psychosis, that he regards as one form of the catatonic, and therefore of the dementia præcox, reaction. Kirby, George H.: “The Catatonic Syndrome and Its Relation to Manic-Depressive Insanity.” Jour. of Nervous and Mental Disease, Vol. 40, No. 11, 1913.
Copper was curled into a tight ball inside the confining safety web, knees drawn up, back bent, head down arms wrapped protectingly around her legs the fetal position of catatonic shock. He shook her shoulder no response. Her pulse was thready and irregular. Her breathing was shallow. Her lips were blue. Her condition was obvious space shock extreme grade.
But the richest girl on Earth, who'd had five husbands and believed that nothing could move her she went into catatonic withdrawal and neither saw nor heard nor moved. Two other passengers sobbed in improvised strait jackets. The first shipload started home. Fast. The second luxury liner took off with only four passengers and turned back before reaching the Moon.
The stupor merged into a catatonic state merely by the development of the inconsistency in her affective reactions. We see then that inconsistencies among the stupor symptoms themselves and the intrusion of definitely dementia præcox symptoms differentiate the malignant from the benign reactions.
The author comments on the absence of senseless motor phenomena, such as would be expected in a “catatonic.” His complete memory of the psychosis also speaks against the usual form of stupor. It seems possible that this psychosis was neither hysterical nor a benign stupor in our sense, but, rather, an acute schizophrenic reaction such as one occasionally sees.
With the exception of Kirby, whose work has already been discussed in the introduction, we have been able to find only one author who has attempted any symptomatic discrimination of the recoverable and malignant catatonic states. Raecke made a statistical study and found that 15.8% recovered, 10.8% improved, 54.4% remained in institutions, while 30% died.
An important “catatonic” symptom is a tendency to sudden, impulsive, unexplainable acts. Such actions occur occasionally in benign stupors and, since we attempt an understanding of the reaction as a whole, an effort should be made to study these phenomena as well. The cases chosen showed persistent, quite affectless, yet very impulsive attempts at self-injury.
If the latter be true, the symptoms must follow definite laws; if they did not, we would have to abandon our principles of psychiatric classification. Naturally, then, we seek to find the differences between the cases that recover and those that do not. There is never any difficulty in diagnosis where a stupor appears as an incident in the course of a recognized case of catatonic dementia præcox.
She was feeling unprecedented surges of pain deeper than she ever had before; still they were nothing to her, catatonic and naked as she was on a billiard table for a period of hours.
It is the case of a young man who, partly owing to inherited tendencies and partly to environment, developed during early life certain habits and characteristics which, when he approached maturity and the sexual instinct awoke to its full activity, caused the impulses from this instinct to be directed into wrong channels, giving rise to a psychosis which took the form of a catatonic stupor.
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