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Updated: June 20, 2025
The invention of the tubular air-vessels and the water-tuyere belongs, we believe, to Mr. John Condie, sometime manager of the Blair Iron Works. Mr. Mushet says, "The greatest produce in iron per furnace with the Black Band and cold blast never exceeded 60 tons a-week. The produce per furnace now averages 90 tons a-week.
Mushet had, with some intuition, found opportunity to reassert his contributions to Bessemer a few days before this address, describing his process as perhaps lacking "the extraordinary merit of Mr. Bessemer," being "merely a vigorous offshoot proceeding from that great discovery; but, combined with Mr.
Mining Journal, 1856, vol. 26, p. 567. Ibid., pp. 631 and 647. David Mushet had overlooked Bessemer's patent of January 10, 1855. Robert Mushet's campaign on behalf of his own claims to have made the Bessemer process effective was introduced in October 1857, two years after the beginning of Bessemer's experiment and after one year of silence on Bessemer's part.
Ibid., p. 25. Mining Journal, 1857, vol. 27, p. 755. Mushet, op. cit. The story was that for the drafting of his final specification, Martien, presumably with the advice of the Ebbw Vale Iron Works, consulted the same Carpmael, as "the leading man" in the field.
The iron trade was in its infancy, and those engaged in it lacked the resources for the acquisition of wealth that were evolved from the discovery of blackband mineral deposits by Mushet, the application of the hot blast by Neilson, and the introduction of other more economical modes of working. Mr.
David Mushet became the most skilled assayer at the works; and when a difficulty occurred in smelting a quantity of new ironstone which had been contracted for, the manager himself resorted to the bookkeeper for advice and information; and the skill and experience which he had gathered during his nightly labours, enabled him readily and satisfactorily to solve the difficulty and suggest a suitable remedy.
Yet Mushet continued to brood over the injustice done to him and eventually recorded his story of the rise and progress of the "Bessemer-Mushet" process in a pamphlet written apparently without reference to his earlier statements and so committing himself to many inconsistencies. See Fred M. Osborn, The story of the Mushets, London, 1852. Journal of the Iron and Steel Institute, 1876, p. 3.
He was now using ferromanganese made in Glasgow. Another alloy, consisting of 60 to 80 percent of metallic manganese was also available to him from Germany. This renewed publicity brought forth no immediate reply from Mushet, but a year later he was invited to read a paper before the British Association.
Robert Mushet, The Bessemer-Mushet process, Cheltenham, 1883. William Kelly's "Air-boiling" Process An account of Bessemer's address to the British Association was published in the Scientific American on September 13, 1856.
They contain the germs of many inventions and discoveries in iron and steel, some of which were perfected by Mr. Mushet himself, while others were adopted and worked out by different experimenters.
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