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Updated: June 20, 2025
This process repeats itself with great rapidity until, if sufficient acid is present, the solid passes completely into solution. Exactly the same sort of process takes place if calcium oxalate, for example, is dissolved in hydrochloric acid. The term !hydrolysis! is applied to the changes which result from the reaction of these ions. The solution exhibits an acid reaction.
Inside this, the sponge is placed, not a large piece, but a very thin piece sliced off and cut to the shape of the finger-stump. It is perfectly sterilised in water and washed in green soap after all the stony particles are removed by hydrochloric acid. Then the finger is bound up and kept moist with normal salt solution.
The chromatics of the insect, having as its basis the urinary waste products, might well be found in various animals of a higher order. We know of at least one example. The pigment of a small American lizard is converted into uric acid under the prolonged action of boiling hydrochloric acid.
The hydrochloric acid evolved during the process is condensed in much the same manner as in the process of Hargreaves & Robinson previously described.
If we dissolve black oxide of manganese, permanganate of potash, or any other compound of manganese of a higher degree of oxidation than the protoxide in hydrochloric acid, we obtain, as is well known, a dark colored solution of perchloride of manganese, which, when heated to boiling loses color pretty rapidly, chlorine being given off, until finally only protochloride remains.
For example, a definite weight of pure sodium carbonate may be dissolved in water, and the volume of a solution of hydrochloric acid necessary to exactly neutralize the carbonate accurately determined. From these data the strength or value of the acid is known. It is then a !standard solution!.
The chemist puts together a volume of hydrogen gas and a volume of chlorine gas, and the result is two volumes of hydrochloric acid gas. We regard it as essential to the result that there should be the two gases and that they should be brought together. But the fact that the chemist has red hair we rightly look upon as a concomitant phenomenon of no importance.
When heated with baryta-water or hydrochloric acid, it takes up a molecule of water and is split into tropine, C H NO, and tropic acid, C H O . This latter is phenyl-oxypropionic acid. Tropine, when heated to 180°C. with concentrated hydrochloric acid, splits off a molecule of water, and yields tropidine, C H N, a liquid base, with an odor resembling conine.
=Hydrochloric Acid Gas.= Irrespirable when concentrated, and very irritating when diluted. Very destructive to vegetable life. =Chlorine.= Used in bleaching, and as a disinfectant. Greenish-yellow colour, suffocating odour. In poisoning, inhalation of sulphuretted hydrogen gives relief.
These oils differ from olive and tea oil, however, in having a higher specific gravity, and in the property they possess of drying to a greater or less extent on exposure to air. A solution of the potash soap was treated with excess of hydrochloric acid, and after being well washed with hot water, the cake of fatty acids was dried thoroughly and weighed.
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