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Updated: May 20, 2025
The carbonate of the metal rapidly changes to an oxide by contact with the air, and it will generally be found, when it is sufficiently washed, that it is at least half oxide. On adding hydrochloric acid cautiously to the mixture, a chloric of the metal will be formed, and carbonic acid will be evolved from the remaining carbonate.
The formula is as follows, for which the world is indebted to Canon Beechy: In 8 ounces of absolute alcohol dissolve 5 drachms of anhydrous bromide of cadmium. The solution will be milky. Let it stand at least twenty-four hours, or until perfectly clear; it will deposit a white powder. Decant carefully into an 8-ounce bottle, and add to it a drachm of strong hydrochloric acid.
As hydrochloric acid is a constituent of the gastric juice, the signs of the acid must be looked for. Post-Mortem Appearances. The mucous membranes are dry, white, and shrivelled, and often eroded. Tests. The concentrated acid yields dense white fumes with ammonia.
When touched by a drop of the solution the paper turns blue until the hypochlorite has all been reduced and an excess of the arsenite has been added. Bleaching powder consists mainly of a calcium compound which is a derivative of both hydrochloric and hypochlorous acids. Its formula is CaClOCl.
For colouring iron and steel a dead black of superior appearance and permanency, the following is a good formula: 1 part bismuth chloride, 2 parts mercury bi-chloride, 1 part copper chloride, 6 parts hydrochloric acid, 5 parts alcohol, and 50 parts lamp-black, these being all well mixed.
A dense smoke is produced by putting in the tin two small rolls of blotting paper, one soaked in hydrochloric acid, the other in strong ammonia. The rolls should not touch. To reduce corrosion of the tin by the acid, the inside should be lined with thin card. A ring of smoke is projected from the hole in the card if the rubber diaphragm is pushed inwards.
An adherent coating may be obtained by adding an alkaline tartrate, but in that case the separation takes place too slowly. The precipitation of antimony may be very readily effected from solutions of its sulpho salts. To a liquid, which may contain free hydrochloric acid, hydrogen sulphide is added, then neutralized with ammonium hydrate, and saturated with ammonium sulphide in excess.
Five cubic centimeters hydrochloric acid are now added, and the solution tested with red prussiate of potash for protoxide of iron, and the boiling continued till near dryness, when all the nitric acid is commonly driven off. Should nitrous acid still show itself, some more hydrochloric acid is added and the boiling continued.
Put a sound limb on crutches and you paralyze it; wear smoked glasses and your eyes become intolerant of light, or wear glasses that make the muscle of accommodation superfluous and it atrophies; take pepsin and hydrochloric acid and the stomach will become incapable of producing them; cease to chew and your teeth decay; let the newspaper prepare your mental food as the cook cuts up your physical food, and you will become incapable of thought that is, of mental mastication and digestion.
For example, the amount of MnO in a sample of the mineral pyrolusite may be determined by dissolving the mineral in hydrochloric acid, absorbing the evolved chlorine in a solution of potassium iodide, and measuring the liberated iodine by titration with a standard solution of sodium thiosulphate.
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