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Updated: June 6, 2025
The hypothesis of Strabo may have rested on nothing else than an inference from the similarity of name an inference such as the ancients drew, often without due reason, in the case of the Cimbri, Veneti, and others. III. I. Libyphoenicians III. VI. Gades Becomes Roman
It is probable that these possessions were not properly Carthaginian but Tyrian, and Gades was not reckoned among the cities tributary to Carthage; but practically, like all the western Phoenicians, it was under Carthaginian hegemony, as is shown by the aid sent by Carthage to the Gaditani against the natives, and by the institution of Carthaginian trading settlements to the westward of Gades.
He is pronounced by a writer in Smith's "Dictionary" to have been "among the very greatest men of antiquity." It is to-day called Cadiz, but anciently was known as Erythia, Tartessus, and Gades. She was divorced from Dolabella in 44 B.C., gave birth to a son soon afterward, and died in the same year.
During the stay of the Sumter at Cadiz, and her subsequent arrival at Gibraltar, Captain Semmes made the entries in his Journal which will be found in this chapter. Saturday, January 4th. Harbour of Cadiz ancient Gades with its Moorish houses and feluccas, or latteen vessels. Some fine oranges alongside the product of this latitude, 36° 32' N., about the same parallel with Norfolk, Virginia.
Marcellus was born in Gades, and had been brought up in the stern discipline of a Roman army. He had been quartered in Africa, in Syria, and in Britain, where he had distinguished himself not only by bravery in the field but also by skill in the camp.
After his departure Gades, the oldest and last possession of the Phoenicians on Spanish soil, submitted on favourable conditions to the new masters.
It is not impossible that he had Greek blood in his veins. Thrace was hard by Greece, had many Greek cities, and its full proportion of those Greek adventurers, military and civil, who were to be found in every country and city, from Spain to Persia, from Gades to Ecbatana. What more probable than that among his ancestors were Greeks?
He removed all the money and ornaments from the temple of Hercules to the town of Gades, and sent six cohorts thither from the province to guard them, and gave the command of the town of Gades to Caius Gallonius, a Roman knight, and friend of Domitius, who had come thither sent by Domitius to recover an estate for him; and he deposited all the arms, both public and private, in Gallonius's house.
This is their citadel, their granary, their treasury, their magazine, their receptacle for every thing. Hence there is a direct passage into Africa; this is the only station for a fleet between the Pyrenees and Gades; this gives to Africa the command of all Spain.
This oblong square, thus enclosing the whole of what was then supposed to be the habitable globe, would precisely represent what is symbolically said to be the form of the lodge, while the Pillars of Hercules in the west, on each side of the straits of Gades or Gibraltar, might appropriately be referred to the two pillars that stood at the porch of the temple.
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