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Updated: June 28, 2025
I take it the reader has seen pictures or photographs of the moon and that I need not describe the broader features of that landscape, those spacious ring-like ranges vaster than any terrestrial mountains, their summits shining in the day, their shadows harsh and deep, the gray disordered plains, the ridges, hills, and craterlets, all passing at last from a blazing illumination into a common mystery of black.
If, however, this interval is observed at sunrise or sunset, it is seen to be not quite so structureless as it appears under different conditions, for a number of mounds and large humpy swellings, with low hills and craterlets, extend across it, and occupy a position which we are justified in regarding as the site of a section of the rampart, which, from some cause or other, has been completely destroyed and overlaid with the material, whatever this may be, of the Mare Nectaris.
Thus if the craterlets on the rim of Tycho were constantly giving out large quantities of gas or steam, which in other regions was being constantly absorbed or condensed, we should have a wind uniformly blowing away from that summit in all directions.
There is a number of craterlets and minute pits in the neighbourhood, and under a high light two round dusky spots are traceable in connection with the "comet" marking, one just beyond its northern, and the other beyond its southern border, near its E. extremity. LUBBOCK. A brilliant little crater, about 4 or 5 miles in diameter, near the E. coast-line of the Mare Foecunditatis.
All the conspicuous Tycho streaks originate outside the rim. In the case of craterlets lying between Aristarchus and Copernicus the streaks point away from the latter. From this point they gradually widen out and become fainter. Their width, however, at the end farthest from the crater, seldom exceeds five miles.
Westward from the middle of an imaginary line joining Aristillus and Cassini is the much smaller crater Theætetus. Outside the walls of this are a number of craterlets, and a French astronomer, Charbonneaux, of the Meudon Observatory, reported in December, 1900, that he had repeatedly observed white clouds appearing and disappearing over one of these small craters.
It is broken on the N. by two fine ring-plains, each about 20 miles in diameter, and on the E. by a third open to the E. There is a central mountain, and several small craters on the floor, especially on the W. side. BUSCHING. A ring-plain S. of Zagut, about 36 miles in diameter, with a moderately high but irregular wall. There are several craterlets within and some low hills.
Although to observe successfully the minuter features, such as the rills and the smaller craterlets, requires instruments of large aperture located in favourable situations, yet work of permanent value may be accomplished with comparatively humble telescopic means.
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