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Updated: May 15, 2025
But we are not confined to the metals themselves; the salts of these metals yield the bands of the metals. Chemical union is ruptured by a sufficiently high heat; the vapour of the metal is set free, and it yields its characteristic bands. The chlorides of the metals are particularly suitable for experiments of this character.
The solution should not effervesce on addition of nitric or hydrochloric acid. Chlorides. No appreciable precipitate should be produced on addition of silver nitrate solution and nitric acid. Sulphates. No appreciable precipitate should be produced on adding hydrochloric acid and barium chloride.
He then passed on to other substances; to oxides and chlorides, and iodides, and salts, and sulphurets, and found them all insulators when solid, and conductors when fused. In all cases, moreover, except one and this exception he thought might be apparent only he found the passage of the current across the fused compound to be accompanied by its decomposition.
Oxygen can combine with both and hold them together in one molecule. The recognition of this fundamental difference between chlorine and oxygen, this formation of double oxides as opposed to single chlorides, marks an epoch in scientific chemistry.
Replace the beaker containing the original filtrate by a clean beaker, wash the precipitated sulphate by decantation with hot water, and subsequently upon the filter until it is freed from chlorides, testing the washings as described in the determination of iron.
It is usually more satisfactory to dissolve the magnesium precipitate and reprecipitate the phosphate as magnesium ammonium phosphate as described below. Wash the filter with water until the wash-water shows no test for chlorides, but avoid an unnecessary amount of wash-water. Add to the solution 2 cc.
Deduct the weight of the dry crucible from the final weight, and from the weight of silver chloride thus obtained calculate the percentage of chlorine in the sample of sodium chloride. After digestion, the asbestos is filtered off on a filter plate and washed with hot, distilled water until free from chlorides.
By adding the chlorides of strontian, uranium, potassium, sodium, iron, or copper to the liquid, various effects may be produced, and these bodies will be found to produce the same color on the plate that their flame gives to alcohol. "The honor of this discovery is due to M. Neipce.
Its water was strongly impregnated with sulphate of magnesia, making the Epsom salts of the druggist, and also with small quantities of the chlorides of magnesium and calcium. None of these salts are now made at Epsom, they being manufactured artificially in large amounts at a low price. The Epsom well, however, that produced the celebrated waters, still remains on the common near the town.
"About one part of the mixed chlorides should be used to three or four of water. "The battery may be either Smee's, Daniell's, or Grove's; if of either of the former, it should be of two series; if of the latter, one cup is sufficient. "The plate on being immersed in the liquid, almost instantly takes a violet color.
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