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Updated: May 21, 2025
Finally, in refuting the second theory of creation, which combines Platonism with atomism, he argues against an atomic theory primarily because of its implications of eternity of the atoms, but partly also on other grounds, which would also affect the Kalamistic conceptions of the atoms.
However, the strong Aristotelian cast of Harvey's treatise encouraged continued discussion of long outdated questions in an outdated manner and, combined with his expressed disdain for "chymistry" and atomism, discouraged close cooperation between embryologists of different persuasions.
In order to the unique substantiality of the infinite, the substantiality of individual spirits must disappear. Thus in order to relieve itself from the self-dependence of the individual mind, monism allies itself with a spiritual atomism, the most extreme which can be conceived. The mind is resolved into a mass of individual ideas.
The divergency of aims, finally, consists in the fact that physical atomism prevailingly points to a conformity of the atoms of bodies; chemical atomism, on the contrary, at least, according to its present state, points to a dissimilarity among these. The hypothetical and problematical nature of the theory of atoms strikes us still more clearly when we try to analyze it philosophically.
Thus the fiction on which the political order of democracy is based ends in something altogether opposed to that which democracy desires: its aim was to increase the whole sum of liberty; but the result is to diminish it for all. The modern state is founded on the philosophy of atomism.
Aubrey Moore, writing in 1889, connected the Catholic revival with the abandonment of atomism in natural philosophy and of Baconian metaphysics. These were, he thought, the counterpart of individualism in politics and Calvinism in religion.
Another difficulty lies in the atomism of the chemists; and still another in the divergency of the aims at which the physical theory of atoms on the one hand and the chemical theory of atoms on the other seem to point.
The whole scientific method tended to materialism and atomism; to a breaking up of the world into disconnected atoms, and losing the life in dissecting the machinery.
Their sterile heads take naturally to the path of negation; so they begin to deny truths that have long been admitted the vital power, for example, the sympathetic nervous system, generatio equivoca, Bichat's distinction between the working of the passions and the working of intelligence; or else they want us to return to crass atomism, and the like.
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