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The reserved attitude of the Lithuanian Jews throughout the mutiny proved their salvation after the suppression of the rebellion, when the ferocious Muravyov, the governor-general of Vilna, took up his bloody work of retribution. As for the Kingdom of Poland, neither the revolution nor its suppression entailed any serious consequences for them.

Brafman hastened to the hot-bed of reactionary chauvinism, the city of Vilna, which was firmly held in the iron grip of Muravyov, and there began "to expose the separatism of the inner life of the Jews" before the highest administration of the province.

He did not drink it off as we do, but drank it in sips, eating something between each sip, and then, to express his gratitude, gave me several Chinese coins. An awfully polite people. They are dressed poorly, but beautifully; they eat daintily, with ceremony.... THE STEAMER "MURAVYOV," June 29, 1890. Meteors are flying in my cabin these are luminous beetles that look like electric sparks.

A graduate of one of the official rabbinical schools, he was first active as teacher in a Jewish Crown school in Minsk, and afterwards occupied the post of a "learned Jew" under Muravyov, the governor-general of Vilna.

Don't throw away these sheets; I will collect them, and they will serve as notes from which I can tell you what I don't know how to put on paper. To-day I changed into the steamer Muravyov, which they say does not rock; maybe I shall write. I am in love with the Amur; I should be glad to spend a couple of years on it. There is beauty, space, freedom and warmth.

He thus moved in the hot-bed of "official enlightenment" and in the headquarters of the policy of Russification as represented by Muravyov, a circumstance which left its impress upon all the products of his pen. During this stage of his career, Levanda was convinced that "no educated Jew could help being a cosmopolitan."