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Updated: June 16, 2025
Ishum continues his address to Dibbarra: The heart of the governor, intent upon taking vengeance on Babylon, was enraged, For capturing the possessions of the enemy, he sends out his army, Filled with enmity towards the people. Dibbarra is represented as addressing this governor: In the city whither I send thee, Thou shall fear no one, nor have compassion.
At this point the tablet is defective, and when it again becomes intelligible we find Ishum describing an attack of Dibbarra upon another of the great centers of the Euphrates Valley the city of Uruk. Uruk is called the 'dwelling of Anu and Ishtar, the city of the Kizrêti, Ukhâti, and Kharimâti the sacred harlots. Ishtar was enraged and filled with anger because of Uruk.
The lines remind one of the description in the Gilgamesh epic of the terror aroused by the deluge, and one might be tempted to combine Dibbarra's speech with the preceding words of Ishum, and interpret this part of the Dibbarra legend as another phase of the same nature myth, which enters as a factor in the narrative of the Deluge.
A collective personification of the seven evil spirits. Ishum. IIR. 51, 19c and 4a. Khashur is also used as a name for the cedar. See Delitzsch, Assyr. Handwörterbuch, p. 295a. The one published by the writer. Hammurabi is the conqueror of Palestine mentioned in Gen. xlv. under the name Amraphel. See, e.g., Hommel, Altisraelitische Ueberlieferung, p. 106. Num. xxi. 14.
The following lines reveal the purpose of Ishum's long speech. A war more terrible even than the conflicts recounted is planned by Ishum, one that is to involve all creation and extend to the higher regions. Ishum asks Dibbarra's consent to the fearful destruction held in view: The brightness of Shul-pauddu I will destroy.
The confusion resulting from the double position of Nergal in the religious literature, as the deity of the summer solstice and as the chief of the nether-world pantheon, raises a doubt whether some gods who are closely associated with Nergal are to be placed on high with the gods or have their seats below with Nergal. Among these, three require mention here: Dibbarra, Gibil, and Ishum.
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