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Updated: May 8, 2025
The two lips come together at their front ends, but diverge to the rear. The rear ends are attached to the arytenoid cartilages. When the ends are brought together by rotation of these arytenoid cartilages, the medial surfaces touch. At the same time they are stretched by the action of the crico-thyroid muscles, which pull apart the points of support at the ends.
The crico-thyroid is probably, however, of much more importance to tragic actors and barytones than to tenors or sopranos. This, however, is no excuse for the neglect of its development by the latter class, as often happens, for without it the best tones of the lower register are impossible.
The tension of the vocal cords can be increased by the contraction of their muscular tissues, the two thyro-arytenoid muscles; further, increased tension of the cords can also result from the tilting of the thyroid cartilage on the cricoid, by the contraction of the crico-thyroid muscles.
The muscles of the larynx may be divided into the following: Those that open and those that close the glottis; those which regulate the tension of the vocal bands. The crico-thyroid may be considered the most important muscle of phonation, because it is so much used and so effective.
It is important to note that this is the muscle most used in singing the lower tones of the scale, and that its action must necessarily cease, to a great extent, when a certain point in the pitch is reached, as there is a limit to the degree of contraction of all muscles; and, besides, the crico-thyroid space is of very moderate size, and the cricoid cartilage can ascend only within the limits thus determined.
Showing the parts indicated above; and of these the crico-thyroid muscle is to be especially observed. It is important to remember the relative position of parts and to bear in mind that most of the laryngeal structures are in pairs. To this last statement the thyroid and cricoid cartilages and the epiglottis are exceptions, being single.
The thyroid cartilage. The crico-thyroid membrane. The cricoid cartilage. The trachea. The latter is connected with the cricoid cartilage by its membrane. All the above structures can be felt in one's own person, the more readily if he be thin and have a long neck.
The true vocal bands are placed much as they are when a barytone is singing a very low tone. The crico-thyroid also tends to open the glottis. Just as the diaphragm is the most important muscle of breathing, so is the crico-thyroid the most important in ordinary speaking and in singing in the lower register.
It is situated below the thyroid cartilage, with which it is connected by a membrane, the crico-thyroid. The wider part of this signet-ring is situated behind, where it affords attachment to large muscles.
This consists of four cartilages, with their connecting ligaments, the thyroid, the cricoid, and the two arytenoids, and of nine so-called intrinsic muscles, two crico-thyroid, right and left, two thyro-arytenoid, two posterior crico-arytenoid, two lateral crico-arytenoid, and one arytenoideus. The inner edges of the thyro-arytenoid muscles form the vocal cords.
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