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Updated: June 19, 2025
According to his account "the ballyan dances for three consecutive nights before the manaog, invoking his aid and also holding conversation with the spirits. This is invariably done while the others are asleep." He further states that with the aid of Diwata the ballyan is able to foretell the future by the reading of palms.
In each district there are one or two mid wives, known as managamon. They are women past middle life who are versed in the medicines and rites which should be employed at the time of birth. They are not considered as ballyan, yet they talk to the spirits upon certain occasions.
The use of these magic sashes, known as anting-anting, is widespread throughout the southern Philippines both with the pagan and Mohammedan tribes. There is in each community one or more persons, generally women, who are known as ballyan.
Rosell gives the following description of the possession of a ballyan. Nothing of this nature was seen by the writer. BLAIR and ROBERTSON, Vol. XLIII, p. 218. "They erect a sort of small altar on which they place the manaugs or images of the said gods which are made of the special wood of the bayog tree, which they destine exclusively for this use.
Some informants stated that this is the name given to the first man and woman, who emerged from the limokon eggs. They are now true spirits who exercise considerable influence over worldly affairs. Other informants, including two ballyan denied any knowledge of such spirits, while still others said magbabaya is a single spirit who was made known to them at the time of the Tungud movement.
A class of warriors known as bagam dress in red and wear turbans of the same hue, while women mediums, ballyan, may also make use of red cloth. See p. 174. Other women wear blue cotton jackets, in the fronts and back of which are many artistic embroidered designs. Their hemp cloth skirts, like those of the Bagobo, are made tube-like and are held at the waist by means of belts.
The following spirits are known to the ballyan of the Mayo district: I. DIWATA. A good spirit who is besought for aid against the machinations of evil beings. The people of Mayo claim that they do not now, nor have they at any time made images of their gods, but in the vicinity of Cateel Maxey has seen wooden images called manaog, which were said to represent Diwata on earth.
Murrogh O'Brien, chief of his name, became Earl of Thomond, and Donogh, his nephew, Baron of Ibrackan; Ulick McWilliam Burke became Earl of Clanrickarde and Baron of Dunkellin; Hugh O'Donnell was made Earl of Tyrconnell; Fitzpatrick, became Baron of Ossory, and Kavanagh, Baron of Ballyan; Con O'Neil was made Earl of Tyrone, having asked, and been refused, the higher title of Earl of Ulster.
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