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The course of trade had been to import the raw cloth from England, to dress and dye it in the Netherlands, and then to re-export it to England. Latterly, however, some dyers and clothiers emigrating from the provinces to that country, had obtained a monopoly from James for practising their art in his dominions. In consequence of this arrangement the exportation of undyed cloths had been forbidden.

To her market-places and warehouses a vast quantity of goods was constantly brought for home consumption and re-export. From Venice, yearly fleets of galleys went out destined to various points and carrying various cargoes. Other goods were taken by Venetian merchants through Italy and across the mountains by land. Most of the re-export from Venice by land was done by foreigners.

| | | | | |Tonnage Dues,| | | Duties on | Duties on |Duties on | Duties on |Store Rents, | | Years. | Importation.|Exportation.|Re-export-| Slaves. | and other | | | | | ation. | | incidental | | | | | | | Receipts. | | | | | | | | | | Mil. reis.| Mil. reis.|Mil. reis.| Mil. reis.| Mil. reis.| | 1818-19 | 573 876 | ... | .... |137,320 800 | 148,608 661 | | 1823-24 | 3,490 752 | 460 420 | .... |120,843 000 | 133,446 892 | | 1828-29 | 4,700 684 | 800 280 | .... |125,330 000 | 139,981 364 | | 1833-34 | 7,490 000 | 1,590 000 | .... |139,280 000 | 158,978 640 | | 1838-39 | 25,800 590 | 2,720 000 | .... |135,470 320 | 173,710 910 | | 1843-44 | 53,240 000 | 4,320 000 | .... | 72,195 230 | 138,255 230 | | 1844-45 | 99,380 264 | 6,995 095 | .... | 17,676 000 | 134,941 359 | | 1845-46 | 150,233 789 | 9,610 735 | .... | 5,116 500 | 181,423 550 | | 1846-47 | 122,501 186 | 8,605 821 | .... | 549 000 | 114,599 235 | | 1847-48 | 119,246 826 | 9,718 676 | 4097 868 | 1,231 200 | 146,321 476 | | 1848-49 | 131,105 453 | 9,969 960 | 1164 309 | 1,183 500 | 157,152 400 | | | | | | | | | | 717,763 420*| 54,790 987 | |756,195 550 | | | | = L.102,680 | = L.7827 | |= L.108,028 | | * This figure was originally miscalculated as 718,763 420, which probably affected its conversion into Pounds.

The export of iron is forbidden, and the justices given power to punish them that sell iron at too dear a price, but it does not appear how the prices are to be determined; and the Statute of the Staple is again re-enacted and the provision made that duty shall be paid only upon those goods which are actually sold in England and the merchant may re-export the balance the first precedent of our laws of importing under bond.

In a free port raw goods are manufactured and then exported, of course to the advantage of the country permitting the establishment of free ports, because by this manufacture of raw materials and their re-export, without being subject to duty, money is earned by the manufacturers to the benefit of their own country and employment is given to many workingmen.

The course of trade had been to import the raw cloth from England, to dress and dye it in the Netherlands, and then to re-export it to England. Latterly, however, some dyers and clothiers emigrating from the provinces to that country, had obtained a monopoly from James for practising their art in his dominions. In consequence of this arrangement the exportation of undyed cloths had been forbidden.

"And in case the owner, importer, consignee or agent of any goods on which the duties have not been paid shall give to the collector satisfactory security that the said goods shall be landed out of the jurisdiction of the United States in the manner now required by existing laws relating to exportations, for the benefit of drawback, the collector, &c., on an entry to re-export the same shall, upon payment of the appropriate expenses, permit the said goods, under the inspection of the proper officers, to be shipped without the payment of any duties thereon," &c.

The course of trade had been to import the raw cloth from England, to dress and dye it in the Netherlands, and then to re-export it to England. Latterly, however, some dyers and clothiers emigrating from the provinces to that country, had obtained a monopoly from James for practising their art in his dominions. In consequence of this arrangement the exportation of undyed cloths had been forbidden.

Especial privileges and exemptions were granted to the company by freeing its members from the payment of customs for the first four voyages, by giving them from six to twelve months' postponement of the payment of subsequent import duties, and by allowing them re-export of Indian goods free from customs duties.

The course of trade had been to import the raw cloth from England, to dress and dye it in the Netherlands, and then to re-export it to England. Latterly, however, some dyers and clothiers emigrating from the provinces to that country, had obtained a monopoly from James for practising their art in his dominions. In consequence of this arrangement the exportation of undyed cloths had been forbidden.