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The Atlas is here found on twenty or more different kinds of trees, but a hundred or a hundred and fifty cocoons or larvae may be found on a single tree of Milnea roxburghiana, while they are to be found only singly, or in twos and threes, on any other tree that I know of. The Atlas and Mylitta seem to be respectively the Indian relations of the Cynthia and Pernyi.
As to Pernyi, I had, in 1881, an immense quantity of splendid moths, from which I obtained the largest quantity of ova I ever had of this species. I had many thousands of fertile ova of Pernyi, which I was unable to distribute. Many schoolboys reared Pernyi worms, but with what success I do not yet know.
The cocoons of the hybrid Roylei-Pernyi seem to me larger and heavier than any Pernyi cocoons I have as yet seen. The larvae of this new hybrid have been successfully reared in France, in Germany, in Austria, and in the United States of North America. The cocoons obtained by Herr L. Huessman, one of my German correspondents, are remarkable for their size and beauty. The silk is silvery white.
A pairing took place on the 2d of June, and another on the 6th of June. The principal difference between the two species is in the cocoon. The Roylei cocoon is within a very large and tough envelope, while that of Pernyi has no outer envelope at all. The larvae of Roylei I reared did not thrive, and the small number I had only went to the fourth stage, owing to several causes.
I have seventeen cocoons of this hybrid species, which number may be sufficient for its reproduction. But the question arises, "Will the moths obtained from these cocoons be susceptible of reproduction?" It must be stated that these two species differ essentially in one particular point. Yama-mai hibernates in the ovum state, while Pernyi hibernates in the pupa state.
These metallic spots at the base of the spines are also seen on Pernyi, Yama mai, Mylitta, and other species of the genus Antheraea, all having a closed cocoon, but none of these have so many as Polyphemus. The cocoons of the species of the genus Actias are closed, but the larvae have not the metallic spots of the species of the genus Antheraea. Samia Gloveri.
Wallace of Colchester reared from one brood of Bombyx cynthia 52 48 Dr. Wallace raised, from cocoons of Bombyx Pernyi sent from China, during 1869 224 123 Dr. Wallace raised, during 1868 and 1869, from two lots of cocoons of Bombyx yamamai 52 46 Total 934 761 With reference to the other Orders of insects, I have been able to collect very little reliable information.
The larva is of a transparent green, of extreme beauty; the head is light brown; without any black dots, as in Pernyi; the spines are pink, and at the base of each of them there is a brilliant metallic spot. When the sun shines on them the larvae seem to be covered with diamonds.
Bombus, difference of the sexes in. Bombycidae, coloration of; pairing of the; colours of. Bombycilla carolinensis, red appendages of. Bombyx cynthia, proportion of the sexes in; pairing of. Bombyx mori, difference of size of the male and female cocoons of; pairing of. Bombyx Pernyi, proportion of sexes of. Bombyx Yamamai, M. Personnat on; proportion of sexes of.
The ova, which are about the size of those of Yama-mai, Pernyi, or Mylitta, are rather flat and concave on one side, of an amber-yellow color and transparent, like those of sphingidae. When the larvae have absorbed the yellow liquid in the egg, and are fully developed; they can be seen through the shell of the egg, which is white or colorless when the larva has come out.
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