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Plectropterus gambensis, spurred wings of. Ploceus. Plovers, wing-spurs of; double moult in. Plumage, changes of, inheritance of, by fowls; tendency to analogous variation in; display of, by male birds; changes of, in relation to season; immature, of birds; colour of, in relation to protection. Plumes on the head in birds, difference of, in the sexes. Pneumora, structure of.

Lobivanellus, wing-spurs in. Local influences, effect of, upon stature. Lockwood, Mr., on the development of Hippocampus. Lockwood, Rev. S., musical mouse. Locust, bright-coloured, rejected by lizards and birds. Locust, migratory; selection by female. Locustidae, stridulation of the; descent of the. Locusts, proportion of sexes in; stridulation of.

This seemed all the more probable, as wing-spurs, which would not be injurious during incubation, are often as well-developed in the female as in the male; though in not a few cases they are rather larger in the male. When the male is furnished with leg-spurs the female almost always exhibits rudiments of them, the rudiment sometimes consisting of a mere scale, as in Gallus.

When these are attacked by hawks or other birds of prey, the jacana defends them with its sharp wing-spurs, and generally succeeds in beating off the enemy. It never deserts the flock, but accompanies it in all its movements, and will defend its charge with great fury and courage.

Wilson, Dr., on the conical heads of the natives of North-Western Africa; on the Fijians; on the persistence of the fashion of compressing the skull. Wing-spurs. Wings, differences of, in the two sexes of butterflies and Hymenoptera; play of, in the courtship of birds. Winter, change of colour of mammals in. Witchcraft. Wives, traces of the forcible capture of. Wolf, winter change of the.

Honey-buzzard of India, variation in the crest of. Honey-sucker, females and young of. Honey-suckers, moulting of the; Australian, nidification of. Honour, law of. Hooker, Dr., forbearance of elephant to his keeper; on the colour of the beard in man. Hookham, Mr., on mental concepts in animals. Hoolock Gibbon, nose of. Hoopoe, sounds produced by male. Hoplopterus armatus, wing-spurs of.

In the spur-winged goose, Plectropterus gambensis, the males have much larger spurs than the females; and they use them, as I am informed by Mr. Bartlett, in fighting together, so that, in this case, the wing-spurs serve as sexual weapons; but according to Livingstone, they are chiefly used in the defence of the young.

When these are attacked by hawks or other birds of prey, the jacana defends them with its sharp wing-spurs, and generally succeeds in beating off the enemy. It never deserts the flock, but accompanies it in all its movements, and will defend its charge with great fury and courage.