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Updated: September 14, 2025
Tashmitum. The consort of Nabu was permitted to share the honors in the temple of Nabu at Calah, but beyond this and Ashurbanabal's constant association of Tashmitum with Nabu in the subscript to his tablets, she appears only when the kings of Assyria coming to Babylonia as they were wont to do, in order to perform sacrifices, enumerate the chief gods of the Babylonian pantheon. Ea.
It is always 'Nabu and Tashmitum, and it is never Tashmitum without Nabu. While the creation of Tashmitum may be a product of Babylonian religious thought, it is in Assyrian texts that her name is chiefly found.
With the prayer to Sin, appeals to other gods and also goddesses are frequently combined, to Marduk, Ishtar, Tashmitum, Nabu, Ramman, and the like.
The appellation is therefore a most appropriate one, and there seems little reason to question that Tashmitum was originally nothing but one of the terms by which Nabu was designated, just as he was called Papsukal in his rôle as 'messenger' of the gods, the messenger of his father Marduk and of his grandfather Ea, in particular.
'Tashmitum' is an abstract noun in Assyrian, signifying 'revelation. As such, it is bestowed in historical texts upon Nabu himself, who is called itu tashimêti, 'god of revelation. Nabu is, above all, a 'revealing' god, revealing knowledge, the art of writing, and the method of ruling.
But Tashmitum, being feminine in gender, as an abstract noun, seemed appropriate as the designation of a goddess.
The former significantly calls him the 'writer of everything, and as for Ashurbanabal, almost every tablet in the great literary collection that he made at Nineveh closes with a solemn invocation to Nabu and his consort Tashmitum, to whom he offers thanks for having opened his ears to receive wisdom, and who persuaded him to make the vast literary treasures of the past accessible to his subjects.
So Anu and Bel for the 1st and the 30th day, Ea and Nergal for the 28th, Sin and Shamash for the 18th, 20th, 21st, and 22d, or two goddesses, as Tashmitum and Sarpanitum, or a god alone, as Ea for the 26th, or Sin alone for the 13th, and once the 29th day Sin and Shamash are combined with the miscellaneous group of Igigi and Anunnaki. All the great gods are thus represented in the calendar.
Tashmitum. The name Tashmitum appears for the first time in the days of Hammurabi. Attention has already been called to the king's ignoring of the god of Borsippa. While his attempt to suppress the cult of Nabu was not successful, he did succeed in causing the old consort of Nabu to disappear. This consort appears to have been no other than Erua.
The consort of Marduk is only incidentally referred to: once by Sargon, who groups Bel with Sarpanitum and Nabu and Tashmitum, at the head of the gods of Babylonia; and similarly by Tiglathpileser III., on the occasion of his enumerating the chief gods of the Babylonian pantheon. Nabu.
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