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Updated: May 13, 2025
The accuracy of the results depend chiefly upon the following of certain fixed rules, such as, for instance, that the precipitation of copper only takes place when there is a definite amount of nitric acid in the solution; that of cobalt and nickel when a certain quantity of ammonium hydrate and ammonium sulphate is present.
This phenomenon is particularly striking if the water employed be heated to 40 or 60 degrees. The jelly condenses in proportion as more water is poured upon it. It preserves a long time its whiteness, only growing yellow by the contact of a few drops of nitric acid.
An amalgam of four parts of silver and two of mercury being dissolved in nitric acid, and water equal to thirty weights of the metals being added, a small piece of soft amalgam of silver suspended in the solution, quickly gathers to itself the particles of the silver of the amalgam, which form upon it a CRYSTALLIZATION PRECISELY RESEMBLING A SHRUB. The experiment may be varied in a way which serves better to detect the influence of electricity in such operations, as noted below.
The negative ions of an electrolyte are attracted to the anode and are discharged on contact with it. Anions such as the chloride ion yield chlorine atoms, from which gaseous chlorine molecules are formed and escape. The oxygen escapes and the anhydrides, reacting with water, re-form nitric and sulphuric acids.
Dissolve a silver dollar in about 2 ozs. of nitric acid by heating; then dissolve a tablespoonful of salt in about a quart of water; pour it into the dish with the silver and acid; let it stand and settle a few minutes, and the silver will settle to the bottom in a white powder. Then drain off the water carefully, and add more water, then drain off again.
The treatment which has been found most successful in this country is as follows, all of which has been tested by the author upon various occasions: In the acute, inflammatory stage of the disease, give ten drops of Flemming's tincture of aconite in water, every four hours, until a change takes place; follow this with aqua ammonia, three drachms; nitric ether, one ounce; pulverized gentian-root, one half an ounce; water, one quart.
It is principally used as a manure and in the manufacture of nitric acid: owing to its deliquescent property it will not serve for gunpowder. Formerly there were two exceedingly rich silver-mines in this neighbourhood, but their produce is now very small. Our arrival in the offing caused some little apprehension.
The precipitate formed is allowed to settle, 50 c.c. of the supernatant solution is removed with a pipette and transferred to a beaker; 50 c.c. of decinormal nitric acid and some water is added with sufficient cochineal tincture.
The deposit is dissolved by a solution of chloride of lime, turned yellow by sulphide of ammonium after evaporation; on the addition of strong nitric acid, evaporated and neutralized with ammonia and nitrate of silver added, a brick-red colour is produced arseniate of silver. Reinsch's Process.
Filter through blotting paper, and to the clear filtrate add some phosphate of soda solution. A second precipitation proves the presence of magnesia. Sulphates. A solution of barium chloride and dilute hydrochloric acid gives a white turbidity. Chlorides. A solution of silver nitrate and nitric acid gives a white curdy precipitate. Test for Lead in Drinking Water.
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