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Updated: June 14, 2025
The large majority of the plants produced from the Oe. Lamarckiana by self-fertilisation were of the same form with the same characters, but a certain percentage presented 'mutations' that is, characters different from the parent form, and in some cases identical with those of plants occurring occasionally among those growing wild in the field where the observations began.
O. cruciata has a purple foliage, while biennis and lamarckiana are green, and many of the hybrids may instantly be recognized by their purple color. The curious attribute of the petals is not to be considered simply as a reduction in size. On anatomical inquiry it has been found that these narrow petals bear some characteristics which, on the normal plants, are limited to the calyx.
This showed that among the selected specimens not less than 176, or more than 1% belonged to the oblonga type. This type was at that time quite new to me, and it had to be kept through the winter, to obtain stems and flowers. It proved to be as uniform as its three predecessors, and especially as sharply contrasted with lamarckiana.
By the year 1805, Lamarckiana was apparently naturalised and flourishing on the coast of Lancashire, and in 1860 it was brought into commerce, probably from these Lancashire plants, by Messrs, Carter.
In this case the individual leaves become stronger and broader, with oblong blades and long stalks, but retain their characteristic whitish color. In the second year the stems become relatively stout. Not that they become equal to those of lamarckiana, but they become taller than might have been expected from the weakness of the plants in the previous stages.
On the average one-fourth of the offspring become lata, the others assuming the type of the pollen-parent, if this was a lamarckiana or partly this type and partly that of any other of the new species derived from lamarckiana, that might have been used as the pollen-parent.
In the first case it is very slender and weak, bearing only small fruits and few seeds. In the alternative case however, it becomes densely branched, bearing flowers on quite a number of racemes and yielding a full harvest of seeds. But it always remains a small plant, reaching about half the height of that of lamarckiana.
The insertion divides the ovary into two parts: an upper and a lower one. The upper part is much reduced in breadth and somewhat attenuated, simulating a prolongation of the base of the style. The lower part is also reduced, but in another manner. At the time of flowering it is like the ovary of lamarckiana, neither smaller nor larger.
They lack the high stigma placed above the anthers, which in the lamarckiana, by the vigorous growth of the style, extends the calyx and renders the flower bud thinner and more slender. Those of the brevistylis are therefore broader and more swollen. It is quite easy to distinguish the individuals by this striking character alone, although it differs from the parent in other particulars.
Lacking the undulations, the laevifolia leaves are smooth and bright. They are a little narrower and more slender than those of the lamarckiana.
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