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Updated: June 28, 2025
Taking such an alternation as a real character of the ever-sporting varieties, a wide range of analogous cases is at once revealed among the normal qualities of wild plants. Alternation is here almost universal. It is the capacity of young organs to develop in two diverging directions. The definitive choice must be made in extreme youth, or often at a relatively late period of development.
This is not easily ascertained by a casual inspection of the cultures, but the true condition will promptly betray itself, if curves are constructed. In this way curves may in many instances be made use of to discover mixed races. Double curves may also result from the investigation of true double races, or ever-sporting varieties.
These at least should be designated by another name. In order to avoid confusion as far as possible, with the least change in existing terminology, I shall use the term "ever-sporting varieties" for such forms as are regularly propagated by seed, and of pure and not hybrid origin, but which sport in nearly every generation.
Leaving now the description of these special cases, we may resume our theoretical discussion of the subject, and try to get a clearer insight into the analogy of ever-sporting varieties and the wild species quoted. All of them may be characterized by the general term of dimorphism. Two types are always present, though not in the same individual or in the same organ.
Among these the sulphur-yellow varieties should be considered in the first place. In respect to the great questions of heredity, the stocks offer many points of interest. Some of these features I will now try to describe, in order to show what still remains to be done, and in what manner the stocks may clear the way for the study of the ever-sporting varieties.
This proportion corresponds with the degree of inheritance which is shown in many years by the largest and strongest fasciated stems. It strengthens our conclusion as to the innermost constitution of the double races or ever-sporting varieties. Twisted stems and fasciations are very striking monstrosities. But they are not very good for further investigation.
But from the physiologic point of view all these cases are to be considered as one large group, complying with previously given definitions of the ever-sporting varieties. They are very variable and wholly permanent. Obviously this permanency agrees perfectly with the conception of their sudden origin.
Limits are soon reached on both sides, and to transgress these seems quite impossible. Taking these limits as the marks of the variety, and considering all fluctuations between them as responses to external influences working during the life of the individual or governing the ripening of the seeds, we get a clear picture of a permanent ever-sporting type.
Perhaps it might even throw some light on the intimate nature of the bud-variations of ever-sporting varieties in general. Sectional variations remain to be tested as to the degree of inheritance exhibited, and the different occurrences as to the breadth of the streaks require similar treatment.
It is perfectly evident that this double marigold is now quite constant. Continuously varying about a fixed average it may live through centuries, but the mean and the limits will always remain the same, as in the case of the ever-sporting varieties. Throughout this lecture I have spoken of double flowers and double flower-heads of composites as of one single group.
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