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Updated: June 10, 2025
As cirques are thus formed and enlarged the peaks beneath which they lie are sharpened, and the mountain crests are scalloped and cut back from either side to knife-edged ridges.
Thus the cañon grows wider and deeper. So also do the side-cañons and amphitheaters, while secondary gorges and cirques gradually isolate masses of the promontories, forming new buildings, all of which are being weathered and pulled and shaken down while being built, showing destruction and creation as one.
Of the one beneath our feet we see only fragmentary sections in cirques and amphitheaters and on the sides of the outjutting promontories between them, while the other, though far distant, is beheld in all its glory of color and noble proportions the one supreme beauty and wonder to which the eye is ever turning.
As points to be looked to in Geology and Physiography: 1. Hope Island shape. Character of wall facets. Type of tributary glacierscliff or curtain, broken. Do tributaries enter 'at grade'? Lateral gullies pinnacled, &c., shape and size of slope. Do tributaries cut out gullies empty unoccupied cirques, hangers, &c. Do upland moraines show tesselation? Arrangement of strata, inclusion of.
In almost every valley of the Sierras and the Rockies the records of these vanished ice streams may be found in cirques, glacial troughs, roches moutonnecs, and morainic deposits. It was during the Glacial epoch that Lakes Bonneville and Lahontan were established in the Great Basin, whose climate must then have been much more moist than now.
Moreover, the mountains of the larger islands nourished local glaciers, some of them of considerable size, which sculptured their summits and sides, forming in some cases wide cirques with canyons or valleys leading down from them into the channels and sounds.
It is sufficient to note that the points to which the lecturer called attention were pretty obvious and that the lecture was exceedingly instructive. The origin of 'cirques' or 'cwms, of which we have remarkably fine examples, is still a little mysterious one notes also the requirement of observation which might throw light on the erosion of previous ages.
Marvelously extensive, without the slightest appearance of waste or excess, they cover roofs and dome tops and the base of every cliff, belt each spire and pyramid and massy, towering temple, and in beautiful continuous lines go sweeping along the great walls in and out around all the intricate system of side canyons, amphitheaters, cirques, and scallops into which they are sculptured.
But instead of being plain, the walls are so deeply and elaborately carved into all sorts of recesses alcoves, cirques, amphitheaters, and side canyons that, were you to trace the rim closely around on both sides, your journey would be nearly a thousand miles long.
The mountains round it will usually be cliffs, forming sometimes a perfect ring, and so called cirques, or, by the Spaniards, cooking-pots; and as one stands on the level floor of one such last highest jasse and looks up at the summit of the cliffs, one knows that one is looking at the ridge of the main chain.
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