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Updated: May 17, 2025
James still presses for the Payment of the Dutch Republic's Debt to him A Compromise effected, with Restitution of the Cautionary Towns Treaty of Loudun James's Dream of a Spanish Marriage revives James visits Scotland The States-General agree to furnish Money and Troops in fulfilment of the Treaty of 1609 Death of Concini Villeroy returns to Power.
All through 1587, through the first months of 1588, the thing dragged on; and then Elizabeth declared that the surrender of the Cautionary Towns, always hitherto treated as the necessary first step, was only to be thought of as the last step a quite impossible condition from the Spanish point of view.
Beginning by being the buffoon of the court, he has wormed himself into all its secrets, made himself master of all its intrigues, conspired with my own son-in-law against me, debauched my guards, indeed so woven his web of deceit, that my life is safe no longer, than he believes me the imperial dolt which I have affected to seem, in order to deceive him; fortunate that even so can I escape his cautionary anticipation of my displeasure, by avoiding to precipitate his measures of violence.
The penny-wise economy, too, of the Queen, was rapidly proving a most ruinous extravagance. "I only cry for Flushing;" said Sidney, "but, unless the monies be sent over, there will some terrible accident follow, particularly to the cautionary towns, if her Majesty mean to have them cautions."
Henceforth only one English representative was to have a seat in the Council of State; and all the English troops in the Netherlands, including the garrisons of the cautionary towns, were to take an oath of allegiance to the States.
Several precious weeks were wasted in renewed chafferings. The Queen was willing that the permanent force should now be raised to five thousand foot and one thousand horse the additional sixteen, hundred men being taken from the Antwerp relieving-force but she insisted that the garrisons for the cautionary towns should be squeezed out of this general contingent.
It is very certain that both in 1586, and again, at this very moment, when Elizabeth was most vehement in denouncing such aspersions on her government, he had unequivocally declared to her his intention of getting possession, if possible, of several cities, and of the whole Island of Walcheren, which, together with the cautionary towns already in his power, would enable the Queen to make good terms for herself with Spain, "if the worst came to the, worst."
Such likewise were the proposals made by the states-general, with this difference, that they demanded as cautionary towns, all the strongest places in the Netherlands. Count D'A vaux, the French minister, was so surprised at these exorbitant demands, that he could not help saying, They could not have been higher, if his master had lost four successive battles.
James still presses for the Payment of the Dutch Republic's Debt to him A Compromise effected, with Restitution of the Cautionary Towns Treaty of Loudun James's Dream of a Spanish Marriage revives James visits Scotland The States-General agree to furnish Money and Troops in fulfilment of the Treaty of 1609 Death of Concini Villeroy returns to Power.
Now that the recovery of the cautionary towns had been so dexterously and amicably accomplished, and at so cheap a rate, it seemed a propitious moment to proceed to a general extinction of what would now be called "burning questions."
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