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11 6 Touareg: cf. note to 40 17. des Abruzzes: 'of the Abruzzi, a mountainous district of central Italy, noted for its brigands. 11 9 avait beau les appeler: 'called them in vain'; cf. 28 16, 46 8. Beau is ironical in this expression; cf. Engl. "a fine fellow," "a pretty mess." A very common Provençal exclamation, usually denoting pity or resignation. Transl. 'alas, 'dear me.
Henry, however, soon afterwards united with the Emperor and the Papacy against Francis; the French troops in Italy were defeated and Francis was captured at Pavia and carried as prisoner to Madrid. He was released the next year. From this time almost till his death he was engaged in expeditions against the German Emperor, and on two occasions went so far as to make an alliance with the Turks.
At the age of twenty he married Claude, daughter of Louis XII., and succeeded his father-in-law, January 1, 1515. His first act was to undertake the conquest of the French possessions in Italy which had been lost during the reign of Louis XII. He was successful and regained Milan with Lombardy.
At the age of fifteen he was brought to the Court of Francis I. He served in the campaigns against Charles V., was present at the siege of Metz, and afterwards fought with great bravery in Flanders and in Italy. He was one of the tenants in the tournament in which Henry II. lost his life.
DUC DE FERRARE. Alphonso II. of Este, Duke of Ferrara, was the son of Hercules of Ferrara and grandson of Alphonso I. He was a cousin of Henry II. and served in all the military expeditions of this monarch. He was a great favorite at Court and made a great display both in his own country and in Italy, whither he accompanied the French King. His brother was the famous Cardinal d'Este.
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