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Updated: May 9, 2025
The natives of these islands have also their personal services, which they are obliged to render in some parts more than in others to the Spaniards. These are done in different ways, and are commonly called the polo. For, where there are alcaldes-mayor and justices, they assign and distribute certain natives by the week for the service of their houses.
Most of the Spaniards of the Filipinas Islands reside in the city of Manila, the capital of the kingdom, and where the chief trade and commerce is carried on. Spaniards may not go to the Indian villages, except for the collection of the tributes when they are due; and then only the alcaldes-mayor, corregidors, and justices.
However, this holy tribunal does not have jurisdiction of the causes pertaining to the natives, as the latter are so recently converted. All these islands are subdued, and are governed from Manila by means of alcaldes-mayor, corregidors, and lieutenants, each of whom rules and administers justice in his own district and province. Appeals from their acts and sentences go to the royal Audiencia.
Neither are the natives allowed to go out of their villages for trade, except by permission of the governor, or of his alcaldes-mayor and justices, or even of the religious, who most often have been embarrassed by this, because of the instruction. This is done so that the natives may not wander about aimlessly when there is no need of it, away from their homes and settlements.
There he deprived of their curacies, and loaded with censures, Licentiate Diego de las Navas and Bachelor Diego de Espinosa Marañon; and having sent them to Manila, he placed friars in their stead. Afterward he imposed excommunications on the alcaldes-mayor and collectors of tribute who might buy and sell goods with the Indians of those provinces.
The governor appoints many alcaldes-mayor, corregidors, deputies, and other magistrates, throughout the islands and their provinces, for carrying on the government and justice, and for military matters. These appointments are made before a government chief scrivener appointed by his Majesty, who helps the governor.
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