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Updated: May 16, 2025
The Yahwistic narrative lays stress upon the ritualistic distinction of clean and unclean animals, but on the whole, the Yahwistic version approaches closer to the Babylonian tale. Evidence has now been furnished that among the Babylonians, too, more than one version of the tradition existed.
According to the one version the Yahwistic the rainstorm continued for forty days and forty nights; according to the other the priestly narrative one hundred and fifty days pass before the waters began to diminish and a year elapses before Noah leaves the ark.
The resemblance of the second Babylonian version to the Yahwistic version extends even to certain phrases which they have in common. The opening words of the Yahwist And no plant of the field was yet in the earth, and no herb of the field had yet sprung up might serve almost as a translation of the second line of the Babylonian counterpart.
According to the first, the so-called Elohistic version, mankind is not created until the last day of creation; according to the second, the so-called Yahwistic version, mankind is first created, then a garden is made and trees are planted. After that, the beasts of the field and the birds of heaven are called into existence.
Again, Tiâmat is mentioned only in the first Babylonian version, and T'hôm similarly only in the Elohistic version; while, on the other hand, the building of cities is included in the Yahwistic version, as it forms part of the second Babylonian version.
The points mentioned suffice to show that the Elohistic version is closely related to the larger creation epic of the Babylonians, while the Yahwistic version more concise, too, than the Elohistic agrees to an astonishing degree with the second and more concise Babylonian record.
The reference to the Tigris and Euphrates in the second Babylonian version reminds one of the four streams mentioned in the Yahwistic version, two of which are likewise the Tigris and Euphrates.
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