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Updated: May 4, 2025
My Tuscan farms have been lashed by hail; from my property in the Transpadane region I get news that the crops are very heavy but the prices rule equally low, and it is only my Laurentian estate that makes me any return. It is true that all my belongings there consist of but a house and a garden, yet it is the only property which brings me in any revenue.
Two Republics accordingly were organised; the Cispadane and the Transpadane handmaids rather than sisters of the great French democracy. These events took place during the period of military inaction which followed the victories of Arcola.
The conquered Milanese was by a magical touch provided with a provisional government, ready, after the tardy assent of the Directory, to be changed into the Transpadane Republic and put under French protection. Every detail of administration, every official and his functions, came under Bonaparte's direction.
But these Transpadane Celtic districts were allowed to retain their existence and their national constitution so that they formed not town-domains, but tribal cantons and no tribute, as it would seem, was imposed on them.
Cisalpine Gaul obtained throughout what a great part of the inhabitants had long enjoyed political equalization with the leading country by the admission of the Transpadane communities into the Roman burgess-union, which had for long been assumed by the democracy as accomplished, and was now finally accomplished by Caesar.
In any case Austria obtained the longed-for mainland of Venice as far as the river Oglio, together with Istria and Dalmatia, the Venetian dependencies beyond the Adriatic, while Venice herself was to be nominally indemnified by the receipt of the three papal legations, Bologna, Ferrara, and the Romagna, which had just been erected into the Transpadane Republic!
Transpadane Gaul was at this time fertile in poets. His exact date is uncertain, but he is known to have lampooned both Julius and Augustus Caesar, and perhaps lived to find himself the sole representative of the earlier race of poets. He is one of the few men of the period who attained to old age. Some have supposed that the line of Horace "Turgidus Alpinus jugulat dum Memnona,"
Is it to the Cispadane or to the Transpadane republics, which have been forced to bow under the galling yoke of French liberty, that we address all these pledges of our sincerity and love of peace with their unnatural parents?
These new town-communities, however, were not presented with the Roman franchise, but, by means of the legal fiction that they were Latin colonies, were invested with those rights which had hitherto belonged to the Latin towns of inferior legal position. Thus Italy at that time ended practically at the Po, while the Transpadane country was treated as an outlying dependency.
But these Transpadane Celtic districts were allowed to retain their existence and their national constitution so that they formed not town-domains, but tribal cantons and no tribute, as it would seem, was imposed on them.
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