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Updated: May 26, 2025
The association of Ramman with Shamash in the name of the old ruler of Assyria, Samsi-Ramman, is not accidental or due to mere caprice. Only such deities are combined in proper names that are, or may be, correlated to one another. Ramman, as the god of storms, is naturally viewed as a power complementary to the great orb of light.
In the religious productions, this relationship is expressed by making Ramman the son of Anu. From a passage descriptive of this temple it would appear that the old temple founded by King Samsi-Ramman, who lived several centuries before Tiglathpileser, was dedicated to Ramman. It looks, therefore, as though the association of Anu with Ramman was the work of the later king.
How much earlier Samsi-Ramman I. reigned is not known perhaps only 40 or 50 years. The d of Dagon would be represented by d in cuneiform writing. See p. 154. An eponym in his days bears the name Daganbelusur. Exactly of what nature we do not know. The Assyrian word used, Cylinder, l. 43, is obscure. See p. 160. IR. 8, col. i. 85. See above, p. 166.
Samsi-Ramman, who does not yet assume the title of king, but only patesi, i.e., 'religious chief, prides himself upon being 'the builder of the temple of Ashur. The phrase does not mean that he founded the temple, but only that he undertook building operations in connection with it.
The date of this ruler may be fixed roughly at 1850 B.C., and since the two inscribed bricks that we have of Samsi-Ramman were found in the ruins of Kalah-Shergat, the site of the ancient city of Ashur, there can, of course, be no doubt that the temple at that place is referred to.
Samsi-ramman IV., the brother of Assurdain-pal, reigned for twelve years; his son, Ramman-nirari III., had married the Babylonian princess Sammuramat, and so had secured peace. He was an energetic and capable ruler. To him at length Damascus made submission and paid tribute.
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