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Updated: June 6, 2025
"Just so," replied Alexis; "it has been the belief among Swedish naturalists that there are two species, or at least permanent varieties, of the brown bear in Northern Europe. They have even gone so far as to give them separate specific names. One is the ursus arctos major, while the other is ursas arctos minor.
They resemble in disposition and situation those conquerors whom the poet Lucan mentions: "Populi quos despicit Arctos, Felices errore suo, quos ille timorum Maximus haud urget leti metus, inde ruendi In ferrum, mens prona viris, amimaeque capaces, Mortis et ignavum rediturae parsere vitae."
The bear thus killed was the true ursus arctos, or brown bear the latter name being given to him from the colour of his fur, which, in ninety-nine cases out of every hundred, is a uniform brown. The name, however, is not appropriate, since there are other brown bears belonging to very different species.
One remarkable habit of these bears indicates a very marked difference between them and the ursus arctos, with which they have been usually classed; and that is, that they are fishing-bears subsisting almost exclusively on fish, which they catch for themselves.
Him we might find in many parts of our own country since he is emphatically our `Russian bear'; but there is also a black bear, which some naturalists say is a variety of the ursus arctos, while others believe it to be a separate species, having given to it the specific name of ursus niger ursus ator it is sometimes called.
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