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Updated: May 19, 2025
At a later period the Don Cossacks twice raised formidable insurrections first under Stenka Razin , and secondly under Pugatchef and during the war between Peter the Great and Charles XII. of Sweden the Zaporovians took the side of the Swedish king. The Government naturally strove to put an end to this danger, and ultimately succeeded.
The Zaporovians held tenaciously to their "Dnieper liberties," and resisted all interference, till they were forcibly disbanded in the time of Catherine II. The majority of them fled to Turkey, where some of their descendants are still to be found, and the remainder were settled on the Kuban, where they could lead their old life by carrying on an irregular warfare with the tribes of the Western Caucasus.
Of these semi-independent military communities, which formed a continuous barrier along the southern and southeastern frontier, the most celebrated were the Zaporovians* of the Dnieper, and the Cossacks of the Don. * The name "Zaporovians," by which they are known in the West, is a corruption of the Russian word Zaporozhtsi, which means "Those who live beyond the rapids."
Besides this, they were nearly all emigrants from Great Russia, and mostly Old Ritualists or Sectarians, whilst the Zaporovians were Little Russians and Orthodox. These military communities rendered valuable service to Russia.
I asked all manner of questions of the lady's Tatar maid; the wedding is to take place immediately, as soon as they have driven off the Zaporozhtzi. Lord Andrii has promised to drive off the Zaporovians." "And you did not kill him on the spot, you devil's brat?" shouted Bulba. "Why should I kill him? He went over of his own free will. What is his crime? He liked it better there, so he went there."
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