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Updated: May 14, 2025
Roundly speaking, eight millions of serfs received their freedom by that Act! Nor was this all, the important part remains to be told and I do not think foreigners always realise it the Act further enforced that the session-lands held by the peasants became henceforth their freehold property.
To prevent this absorption of session-lands by the landlord, and also to accommodate the burdens of the peasantry, which had become almost intolerable in the last century, owing to the tyranny of the feudal superiors to prevent this, I repeat, a general memorial survey with a view to readjustment took place in 1767 by command of Maria Theresa.
The holding of land was strictly prohibited to all who were not noble; but to the peasants were allotted certain tracts, called for distinction 'session-lands. For this privilege the peasant had to give up a tenth part of the produce to the lord, and besides he had to work for him two, and in some cases even three, days in the week. The robot, or forced labour, varied in different localities.
"This very important settlement, which came to be known as the 'URBARIAL CONSCRIPTION, laid down and defined the rights and services of the peasants, and the amount of land to be held by them. The nobles henceforth were obliged to find new tenants of the peasant class in the event of the 'session-lands' becoming vacant.
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