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Updated: May 27, 2025
When both adrenal glands are excised and no other factor is introduced, the Nissl substance progressively disappears from the brain-cells until death. Here our purpose is to discuss the cause of the brain-cell changes.
This state gradually changed until the period of maximum exhaustion was reached about six hours later. Then a process of reconstruction began and continued until the normal state was again reached. Fatigue. In the extreme stage of exhaustion from this cause we found that the total quantity of Nissl substance was enormously reduced.
From the strong affinity of the brain-cells for adrenalin which was manifested in our experiments we may strongly suspect that the Nissl substance is a volatile, extremely unstable combination of certain elements of the brain-cells and adrenalin, because the adrenals alone do not take the Nissl stain and the brain deprived of adrenalin also does not take Nissl stain.
The consumption of the Nissl substance in the brain-cells is lessened or prevented by morphin, as is the output of adrenalin; and the consumption of the Nissl substance is also lessened or prevented by nitrous oxid. But morphin does not prevent the action of adrenalin injected into the circulation, hence the control of morphin over energy expenditure is exerted directly on the brain-cells.
Blood taken directly from the adrenal vein gave a positive result, but under deep morphinization the blood from the adrenal vein was negative, and under deep morphinization the foregoing adequate stimuli were negative. The one agent which was found to protect the brain against changes in the Nissl substance morphin gave a negative result in the Cannon test for adrenalin.
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