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Updated: May 20, 2025
The most ancient of the KURGANES appear to date from the Stone age, for in them were found implements made of flint and reindeer-horn, mixed with the bones of rodents long since extinct in that district. A similar practice is met with in the tombs of Poland, many bones being covered with a coating of red color, in some instances one fifth of an inch thick.
We also meet with it in other countries; at the Prehistoric Congress, when in session at Lisbon, Dolgado added to what was said about the discoveries in Italy the fact that the cave men of Furninha practised a similar rite. In the KURGANES of the department of Kiev crania were found colored with a mineral substance, fragments of which were strewn about near the skeletons.
In other countries these numbers are greatly exceeded. There are 2,000 megaliths in the Orkney Islands and a great many in the extreme north of Scania, and in Otranto in the southern extremity of Europe, where they resemble the PEDRAS FITTAS of Sardinia. Pallas, and after him, Haxthausen, tells us that there are thousands of kurganes in the steppes of Central and Southern Russia.
These kurganes are cromlechs, tombs surmounted by upright stones, square or conical hypogea, all scattered about without any apparent system, surmounted by roughly sculptured female busts, known amongst the common people as KAMENA BABA, or stone women.
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