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Updated: May 16, 2025


Maudslay's mortising machine, which he contrived for the Block machinery, although intended originally to operate upon wood, contained all the essential principles and details required for acting on metals. Mr. Richard Roberts, by some excellent modifications, enabled it to mortise or cut out the key-grooves in metal wheels, and this method soon came into general use.

This is best effected by driving a slightly tapered iron or steel wedge, or "key" as it is technically termed, into a corresponding recess, or flat part of the shaft, so that the wheel and shaft thus become in effect one solid structure. The old mode of cutting such key-grooves in the eyes of wheels was accomplished by the laborious and costly process of chipping and filing.

This will be found described in the next and final chapter A Machine for cutting the Key-Grooves in Metal Wheels and Belt Pulleys, of ANY Diameter. The fastening of wheels and belt pulleys to shafts, so as to enable them to transmit rotary motion, is one of the most frequently-recurring processes in the construction of machinery.

The only drawback to this admirable machine was that its service was limited in respect to admitting wheels whose half diameter did not exceed the distance from the back of the jaw of the machine to the face of the mortise tool; so that to give to this machine the requisite rigidity and strength to resist the strain on the jaw, due to the mortising of the key-grooves, in wheels of say 6 feet diameter, a more massive and cumbrous frame work was required, which was most costly in space as well as in money.

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