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The nepotism of such as these never had any result but to impoverish the Holy See; whilst, on the other hand, the nepotism of Alexander this Pope who is held up to obloquy as the archetype of the nepotist had a tendency rather to enrich it.
Unfortunately, having discovered these ready sources of revenue, he continued to exploit them for purposes far less easy to condone. As a nepotist Sixtus was almost unsurpassed in the history of the Papacy.
He was made Bishop of Valencia, created Cardinal in 1444, and finally in 1455 ascended the throne of St. Peter as Calixtus III, an old man, enfeebled in body, but with his extraordinary vigour of mind all unimpaired. Calixtus proved himself as much a nepotist as many another Pope before and since.
Our list of Italian satirists closes with Ferrante Pallavicino, a witty Canon, born at Plaisance in 1618, who ventured to write satirical poems on the famous nepotist, Pope Urban VIII., and all his family, the Barberini. Some of his poems were entitled Il corriero sualigiato, Il divortio celeste, La baccinata, which were published in a collection of his complete works at Venice in 1655.
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